Study On Ignition Characteristics And Control Strategy Of Ignition Source In Petrochemical Storage Tank Area

The storage tank area is the main area for petrochemical enterprises to store products and raw materials.With the rapid development of petrochemical industry,the capacity and scale of petrochemical tank area are expanding continuously,which are many kinds and different dangerous characteristics.In recent years,the fire and explosion accidents in petrochemical tank area are frequent and the consequences are serious.The identification and effective control of the ignition source in the tank area is the key to prevent the serious fire and explosion accident.The research on the classification and characteristics of ignition sources,ignition characteristics and experimental tests in petrochemical tank areas can provide relevant technical support and data reference for the identification,prevention and control of ignition sources in petrochemical tank areas.By means of literature investigation and statistical analysis of accident cases to identify common ignition sources in petrochemical tank areas,including open fire,static electricity,lightning,hot surface,sulfides and motor vehicles.The related standards of ignition source are compared and analyzed,and the ignition sources in petrochemical tank area are divided into five categories from ignition properties and prevention and control mechanism: open fire,self-heating fire source,electric ignition source,physical fire source and chemical fire source.Based on the type of ignited oil and gas,the frequency of ignition and the fire accident form,the ignition regulation of typical ignition source in tank area is analyzed,which shows that the open fire ignites a wide range of materials,the electrostatic multi-ignition light component oil and gas,the lightning tends to ignite crude oil storage tanks.Based on ignition position,ignition conditions and so on to analyse the characteristics of time-frequency,temperature and energy,ignition probability and ignition intensity of typical ignition sources.Based on the combustibility of matter,leakage state and leakage environment,the influence factors of ignition probability of ignition source are analyzed,and the probability model of ignition source is determined by reference to the model of ignition probability at home and abroad.The ignition probability model of lightning storage tank is improved from the aspects of lightning characteristics,storage area characteristics and regional characteristics.By using 20 L explosive ball and the field test device of mixed gas explosion to test the explosion characteristics of oil and gas under different fire sources,and the characteristics of ignition electric spark(electrostatic spark)and hot surface are compared and analyzed.Finally,based on the ignition characteristics of the ignition source in the petrochemical tank area,a comprehensive control strategy of typical ignition source is put forward from the aspects of ignition trigger condition,ignition operation,ignition source elimination and prevention and control technology.This study has important practical meaning for the identification of ignition source and effective prevention and control of petrochemical tank area,and also provides relevant data support for fire and explosion accident risk assessment and accident investigation and analysis in the tank area.