Preparation And Characterization Of Conductive Polymer-Based Supercapacitor Electrode Materials

As the important electrode materials for supercapacitor,two conductive polymers,polyaniline and polythiophene,have become one of the current research hotspots due to their easy-adjusted microscopic morphology and good performance.In this research paper,it mainly involves the preparation of a series of new conductive polymers,the control of microstructure and the evaluation of their capacitance performance.1.The current research status of supercapacitors is briefly introduced,including the types of electrode materials,energy storage mechanism,electrolyte and its capacitance properties of supercapacitors.The research status of conductive polymers as supercapacitor electrode materials is mainly introduced.2.Twoionicliquids,1-methylimidazoliumhydrogensulfateand1-methyl-3-n-butylpersulfate,were synthesized from 1-methylimidazole.The ionic polyaniline was doped and prepared by the acidity and stability of 1-methylimidazolium hydrogensulfate and the oxidizing property of 1-methyl-3-n-butylperoxydisulfate.The structure of ionic polyaniline was characterized by FTIR,UV-vis and XRD.The electrochemical properties of ionic polyaniline were systematically studied by adjusting the type of doping acid,the type of initiator,electrolyte and the ratio of feed.The specific capacity of the ionic polyaniline prepared under the optimal synthetic conditions is 490 F g^-1.After 4,000 cycles of constant current charge and discharge test,the capacitance retention rate can be maintained above 80%,and the stability is good.3.Based on the simple,convenient and efficient operation of Passerini reaction,three series of monomers,indole,thiophene and indole-thiophene derivatives,were successfully synthesized,and a series of corresponding conductive polymers were prepared by in-situ polymerization.The structures of the monomers and conductive polymers were characterized by FTIR,¹H NMR,GPC,UV-vis,XRD and other measurements.The morphology of the polymer is controlled by changing the reaction temperature,the acid doping,and the type of initiator.4.The cyclic voltammetry（CV）system was used to characterize the capacitance properties of polyindole derivatives（PYQS）.It is estimated that the specific capacities of polyindoles,polythiophenes and polyindole-thiophenes are greater than or exceed 600 F g^-1,energy density is up to 400 Wh kg^-1.Among them,PYQS-B,PYSS-3 and PSSS-B have a specific capacity of about 900 F g^-1,and the energy density of 600 Wh kg^-1 in the three series of conductive polymers.In summary,the preparation of ionic polyaniline,polyindole,polythiophene and polyindole-thiophene derivatives and the significant improvement in capacitance performance provide technical support for the development of new capacitor materials.