Study On The Impact Of Environmental Protection Taxes And Fees On Technological Innovation Of Heavily Polluted Enterprises

Under the background of the era with the theme of green economic development,the environmental problems caused by the production and operation activities of heavy polluting enterprises have attracted more and more attention.Heavy pollution industry is the general term of high investment,high consumption and high emission industries.It is not only the driving force and foundation of economic growth,but also the main source of resources and environmental problems.Innovation-driven green transformation of heavy pollution industry has become an inevitable choice for economic development in the new era.In order to protect the ecological environment and solve the environmental problems caused by enterprise sewage discharge,the Environmental Protection Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China was formally promulgated and implemented on January 1,2018.The purpose of levying environmental protection tax is to internalize the externality damage of pollution emissions,guide enterprises to actively implement energy saving and emission reduction,and improve the technological innovation ability of enterprises,so as to fundamentally solve the environmental problems caused by enterprise emissions.Based on the above background and significance,we realize that the fundamental solution to environmental problems lies in motivating enterprises to innovate independently and enhancing the ability of technological innovation.The impact of environmental tax on technological innovation of enterprises is not unilateral.On the one hand,the Levy of environmental protection tax encourages enterprises to carry out technological innovation,because the innovation results can offset the costs of tax and innovation input and increase profits for enterprises;on the other hand,the Levy of environmental protection tax increases the cost of enterprises,and under limited capital,technological innovation input will produce "crowding-out effect" on other inputs,so environmental protection tax may have positive and negative effects on technological innovation.Face effect.So,what is the relationship between them? Does China’s environmental tax drive technological innovation? How to expand the positive incentive effect of environmental protection tax on technological innovation? From the perspective of enterprise heterogeneity,what are the different results for enterprises? In this paper,the above issues will be analyzed and studied in order to provide feasible suggestions for the better development and implementation of environmental protection tax in China.Firstly,this paper defines the concepts involved in this paper,and then,based on environmental regulation and Porter Hypothesis theory,analyses in detail the mechanism of environmental protection tax on technological innovation of enterprises.Taking this as an opportunity,this paper puts forward the research hypothesis,chooses A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges in Guotaian Database from 2013 to2017,and according to the Guidelines for Classification of Listed Companies(revised in2012).Enterprises in heavy polluting industries identified as "Guidelines for Environmental Information Disclosure of Listed Companies"(Draft for Opinions)are taken as research objects,and a model is established.The impact of environmental protection tax ontechnological innovation of heavy polluting enterprises and the corresponding relationship between them are empirically analyzed.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)Environmental protection tax inhibits the early stage of technological innovation,and if it exceeds a certain critical point,it will create technological innovation for enterprises.New has incentive effect.The relationship is U-shaped.(2)For large-scale enterprises,the U-shaped relationship is more significant,but for small enterprises,the relationship is not significant.Finally from the enterprise technology innovation and improve the perspective of environmental protection tax system,the heavy pollution enterprise technology innovation enterprise scale factor is proposed to promote innovation in policy level,the environmental protection tax money reasonable planning and stimulate innovation,increase investment in technology innovation to improve the achievements conversion,strengthen environmental protection tax implementation effect of tracking and evaluation of policy innovation oriented policy Suggestions.