Electrochemical Synthesis Of New Perovskite Materials And Its Photovoltaic Application

Recently,organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials have drawn great attention for their outstanding performance in high efficiency solar cells.Successful synthesis has been realized either in solution based chemical deposition or vapor deposition.However,conflicts have never ceased among quality control,growth rate,process complexity and instrument requirement,which have limited their development toward real applications.In this work,we have established the first electrochemical fabrication of perovskite toward high efficiency and scalable perovskite solar cells(PSCs).The morphology and crystallization of the CH3NH3 Pb I3(MAPb I3)film can be effectively controlled by simply modulating a few physical parameters.Detailed study on its opto-electronic properties has revealed significantly improved film quality and interfacial conditions.Moreover,we also have investigated formation mechanism of the perovskite material in electrochemical synthesis process by enough characterization.Aided by this,the total process does not require standard annealing because of the unique �self-annealing effect� in electrochemical synthesis process,which has greatly reduced the total growth time from hours to minutes.Up to now,an efficiency of 15.65 % has been achieved in planar PSCs under 1 sun AM 1.5 condition,with small hysteresis.Compared with traditional method,higher stability of perovskite solar cells is obtained under long time exposure to air,which can be explained by the excellent compactness of as-formed perovskite films.Moreover,high efficiency(10.45%)can be easily attained for large cells(2 cm2),indicating the large-scale uniform perovskite films can be obtained more easily through electrochemical synthesis method.This result can hopefully facilitate the research for applicable high efficiency PSCs and other multi-component materials as well.