Preparation Of ZrO₂,TiO₂ And NiO Mesoporous Microspheres And Their Application In Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskite solar cells?PSCs?have developed rapidly,with its photoelectric conversion efficiency rapidly increasing from the initial 3.8%to 24.2%in just a few years,attracting great attention.Perovskite materials have excellent photoelectric properties such as low exciton binding energy,high extinction coefficient,wide light absorption range and long carrier life,making it the star material of the third generation of solar cells.How to improve the energy conversion efficiency?PCE?of perovskite solar cell and reduce the manufacturing cost are the key issues in its development.The traditional method of preparing mesoporous layer requires high-temperature sintering process,which not only consumes high energy,but also increases the complexity of the process.In this paper,TiO₂ mesoporous microspheres and NiO mesoporous microspheres were prepared by solvent thermal synthesis of ZrO₂ mesoporous microspheres and emulsification,and were used to prepare the mesoporous layer of perovskite solar cells at low temperature to overcome the adverse effects of high-temperature sintering.The details are as follows:?1?The preparation of perovskite solar cells with ZrO₂ mesoporous layer by solvent thermal synthesis can optimize interface contact performance,reduce carrier recombination and improve current density.The average efficiency of the prepared cells reaches 18.22±0.55%,and the best efficiency is 19.42%.?2?Oil-soluble TiO₂ protected by oleic acid ligands was synthesized by solute thermal method,emulsified into mesoporous microspheres by emulsification method,and rotated coated on FTO.After high-temperature annealing,mesoporous materials could be formed.The average efficiency of PSCs devices assembled into mesoporous structure FTO/TiO₂/mp-TiO₂/Perovskite/spiro-ometad/Au prepared by TiO₂ films prepared at optimal concentration was 17.28±0.73%,and the optimal efficiency was19.29%.With flat structure FTO/TiO₂/Perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au PSCs,showed better photoelectric properties.?3?Through the synthesis NiO solvent hot method,and further through the emulsification method to the emulsion into nanometer microspheres,the spin on the FTO,after high temperature annealing can form mesoporous materials,preparation of p-i-n mesoporous structure for FTO/NiO/mp-NiO/Perovskite/PCBM/BCP/Au Perovskite solar cells.Under the optimal concentration,the efficiency of PSCs devices with this structure reaches 18.17%,and the photoelectric performance is better than that of PSCs devices with planar structure.