| China and the countries along the“One Belt One Road”are committed to establishing an economic corridor,the economic corridor has crossed China's Xinjiang,Kazakhstan and other arid regions,where the water resources are seriously scarce and the desert ecological environment is extremely fragile,and it will affect the ecological health of the environment along these countries.The health of ecosystems can be used to judge the degree of ecosystems degradation,or the degree of damage caused by natural factors and human activities.Understanding the factors affecting the healthy development of ecology is a necessary for the sustainable development of semi-arid areas.Studying the health status of ecosystems in the region is urgently needed to understand and provide scientific support for economic and social sustainable development.Although the research on ecosystem health is still growing,most of the studies have carried out research on small-scale river basins or cities by county and township units.The method with Small-scale units,which are used as basic units,and ecosystem health assessment of large-scale areas is still a minority.Therefore,this paper constructed“vigor-organization-elasticity”evaluation model,combined with GIS and RS technology to monitor land use/cover change,vegetation cover changes and climate change using the multi-source data.Research on the evaluation of ecosystem status of large-scale Central Asian five countries and China's Xinjiang ecosystem based on small-scale units.The results showed that:1)From 2000 to 2017,farmland gradually decreased from 878,639.08km~2 to 719,128.08km~2 and then to 584251.36km~2;forest continued to decrease,from 161998.6995km~2 to1115343.96km~2,and then reduced to 81185.10km~2,the grassland gradually increased from2,278,818.86km~2 to 2,251,155.46km~2,and then to 2,584,417.38km~2;shrub continued to decrease from 195703.76km~2,to 187732.49km~2 and to 37106.44km~2;The water decreased first and then increased from 201368.52km~2 to 132749.64km~2 and 156003.25km~2.The construction land increased from 53694.18km~2 to 56117.90km~2,and then to 57,215.31km~2.2)The region's ecosystem vigor is inlaid with a rating of[0.8-1.0],but the number of grids in the region is small and fragmented.The ecological structure of most regions is weak in[0-0.2]grade,while in the north,it is weaker in[0.2-0.4]grade.However,the general area for[0.4-0.6]grade is very small,there is no strong and strongest area.The ecosystem elasticity of most areas is in the weak and weakest state of[0-0.2]and[0.2-0.4]grade;the areas of ecosystem elasticity at the grade of[0.4-0.6],[0.6-0.8]and[0.8-1.0],which is in the general,general and strong states,are relatively small,and mainly concentrated in the mountainous areas of Tajikistan,Kyrgyzstan and the north-central part of Kazakhstan.3)The ecosystem health of Most areas is in a weak state of[0-0.2]grade,some areas are in a weaker state of[0.2-0.4]grade,and very few are in a general state of[0.4-0.6]grade,not in[0.6-0.8]and[0.8-1.0]grade.The ecosystem grades of the area indicate that the ecosystem is very weak in this region.In summary,due to the impact of the climatic environment,the reduction of rainfall and precipitation caused the reduction of ice,snow and water area in the region.The reduction of forest,shrub and wetland area indicates that the regional ecosystem is extremely weak and extremely easily interrupted by the natural and human impact.Under the external disturbance,the ecological environment is under pressure,and it is urgent to take corresponding measures to improve the environment in the region. |
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