Study On The Mechanism And Effect Of Urban Built Environment On Air Quality

With the acceleration of the globalization of the world economy and the process of urbanization,mankind has entered the urban era.The urban population continues to increase,and energy consumption has risen sharply,leading to an increase in urban air pollution problems.As the carrier of the city's activities,the relationship between the built environment and air quality and its mechanism of action has become one of the research hotspots of urban planning disciplines.This article takes Wuhan metropolitan area as an example.To identify the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of air quality,Based on the statistical analysis of air quality and urban land use and traffic in its historical years.By using regression analysis and ArcGIS space technology,Building two binary Logit models of peak month model and annual average year model to quantitative study the impact of urban built environment on urban air quality,and based on statistical results and comparative studies to identify key variables.Clearly improve the built environment optimization factors and indicators under the guidance of air quality.Finally,combined with specific spatial objects,targeted optimization measures are proposed at the planning and design level to provide theoretical and technical support for air governance-oriented urban planning and design.The results show that air quality pollution in Wuhan has improved slightly in recent years,and it has obvious characteristics of high and low peaks in the month,that is,the most serious in January and the lightest in July.There are significant differences in the spatial distribution of different pollutants.For example,there is a clear northsouth boundary line in the middle of PM2.5 pollution,and PM10 pollutants are more serious in the northwest area.According to the peak month model and the annual average model analysis,the pollution source is mainly composed of 78.54% of local sources and 21.46% of external sources during the peak pollution period.However,In terms of pollution throughout the year,its local source accounted for 91.63%.The difference between the results of the two models shows that high density usually leads to high pollution,but at the peak of pollution,the plot ratio is inversely proportional to the degree of pollution,that is,the high-density land use layout mode is conducive to the invasion of pollutants.During the peak pollution period,the pollution around important transportation facilities and industrial land is serious,and in the annual average,the industrial land and commercial center are more serious.According to the model results,combined with the urban development characteristics of Wuhan and the status quo of air quality management,this paper proposes specific optimization strategies from three aspects of urban land use,transportation and policy to promote the improvement and optimization of air quality environment.Based on the perspective of urban planning,this paper studies the spatial and temporal correlation between air quality and built environment from a quantitative perspective,and applies its theoretical results to spatial planning practice for improving air quality targets,It is of great significance to promote the development of low carbon city planning theories and methods.