Elaeagnus Mollis Oil Attenuates Non-alcoholic Fatty Disease Mice Induced By High-fat Diet

Elaeagnus mollis oil(EMO)is extracted from the nuts of Elaeagnis mollis Diels.And EMO rich in unsaturated fatty acids(above 90%),such as linoleic acid,oleic acid and linolenic acid,thus it has higher nutritional value.In this paper,C57BL/6 mice were taken as the research object to investigate the improvement of EMO on non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases(NAFLD)induced by high-fat diet,and the mechanism was further explored.The main contents and results as following:(1)After one-week of acclimatization,forty-male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into 5 groups(n=8): low-fat diet group(LFD),high-fat diet group(HFD),high-fat diet with 1.5 g/kg·d EMO group(LEO),high-fat diet with 3.0 g/kg·d EMO group(MEO)and high-fat diet with 6.0 g/kg·d EMO group(HEO).The mice were fed for 8 weeks.Body weight and food intake were monitored during experiment.At the end of study,body length,fat weight,serum lipids(TC,TG,HDL-C and LDL-C)and other basic indicators were measured The results indicated that body weight,fat weight,Lee’s index,serum TC,TG and LDL-C levels of mice in HFD group were significantly increased compared with LFD group(P < 0.05),indicated that obesity and hyperlipidemia were induced by high-fat diet.Whereas administration EMO,especially MEO group,could markedly reduce these levels(P < 0.05).And the results of H&E staining showed that EMO treatment could inhibit the increased of adipocytes,suggested that the EMO alleviated obesity and hyperlipidemia induced by high-fat diet.(2)After the 8 week’s animal experiment,the liver weight was measured and the histopathology was observed.The hepatic lipid levels(TC and TG),hepatic oxidative stress levels(SOD,GSH and MDA),and liver injury(serum ALT and AST levels)were measured.The results indicated that liver weight,serum ALT and AST levels,hepatic TG,TC levels,and hepatic MDA levels in HFD group were significantly increased relative to LFD group;Histopathological sections showed that the liver section of mice in HFD group were occupied by large areas of microvascular steatosis and hepatic cord arranged mussily,indicated that NAFLD models were established after feeding high-fat diet.However,supplementing EMO effectively blocked the NAFLDrelated factors,suggested that EMO could attenuated NAFLD mice induced by high-fat diet.Besides,the correlation analysis results showed that body weight and serum TG were significantly correlated with related-factors of NAFLD,indicating that EMO could improve NAFLD by preventing obesity and hyperlipidemia.(3)The imbalance between lipogenesis and lipids catabolism in the liver was the major factor that caused NAFLD.Thus the potential mechanisms of EMO on NAFLD were further explored by RT-q PCR methods,and the results showed that these improvements may be due to EMO administration inhibited fatty acid synthesis via reducing the m RNA expression of SREBP-1c,PPARγ and FAS,and elevated fatty acid oxidation by increasing the m RNA expression of PPARα and CPT-1.(4)Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS)method was used to analyzed fatty acid composition and content in the liver,and the results that 15 kinds of fatty acids,including C14:0,C16:0,C16: C16:1,2,C17:0,C18:0,C18:1,C18:2,ɑ-C18:3,?-C18:3,C20:1,C20:2,C20:3,C20:4 and C22,were detected.Meanwhile,OPLS-DA model showed that: 7 type of fatty acids,containing C16:2,C18:1,C18:2,ɑ-C18:3,?-C18:3,C20:4,C22:6,were significantly changed between LFD group and HFD group.Interestingly,these 7 kinds of fatty acids were markedly changed in EMO administration group compared with HFD group Additionally,the results of unsaturated degree showed that the unsaturated fatty acids the mice treating with EMO significantly changed in comparation to HFD group,especially PUFA and n-3 PUFA,indicated administration EMO might result in PUFA,mainly n-3 PUFA,participate in the metabolism of fatty acid in the liver to alleviate NAFLD.