| Paddy rice is one of the most important staple foods in China and meets the basic needs of the people.As one of paddy rice processing products,the germinated rice combines the high-quality taste of polished rice with the nutritional value of brown rice,which is increasingly favored by consumers and the market demand is growing.However,due to its low processing precision and the presence of germ,spontaneous breathing and metabolic activities are prone to occur during storage,resulting in decreased enzyme activity,loss of nutrients,aging,mildew and other quality deterioration.At present,the research on germinated rice at home and abroad mainly focuses on the processing technology of germinated rice,while the research on the method of storage of germinated rice is less.In this paper,the new nanocomposite packaging is used to store germinated rice at room temperature(25℃,relative humidity 65%),and the normal packaging is used as a control.Through transcriptome sequencing and proteomics technology,the qualitative and quantitative analysis of germinated rice genes and proteins is carried out,and then the physical and chemical related physical and chemical indicators are determined.From the perspective of molecular biology,it was revealed that nanocomposite packaging could regulate the gene and protein expression ability of germinated rice,and thus achieve the effect of preservation.The main results of this paper are:1.Nano-packaging can regulate the microenvironment in the bag,the activity of lipase and lipoxygenase of germinated rice decreased,the rate of fat oxidation and hydrolysis slowed down,the content of fat was 1.08%,the content of fatty acid was73.32 mg KOH/100g,while normal packaging was 1.05%and 116.33 mg KOH/100g.Through electronic nose and GC-MS analysis,the germinated rice in nano-packaging produced a volatile gas content with a spoiled odor lower than that of normal packaging,while the aroma-containing furans and hydrazines were higher than normal packaging.The transcriptome study found that the gene expression ability of the enzymes involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism pathway in nano-packaging decreased compared with that of normal packaging,and the expression ability of volatile gene synthesis genes that are not conducive to flavor was also lower than that of normal packaging.The flavor quality of the germinated rice in nano-packaging is maintained.2.The amylase activity of germinated rice in nano-packaging was higher than normal packaging,the amylose content was 14.05%while normal packaging was 15.46%.Analysis of the texture and gelatinization properties of germinated rice,the germinated rice in nano-packaging has a good eating quality.Through FTIR,XRD and SEM analysis,the structure of germinated rice starch was more orderly and the starch plastid is more complete in nano-packaging.The transcriptome study found that the gene expression ability of amylase activity in nano-packaging was higher than that of normal packaging,and the ability to control starch synthesis genes was lower than that of normal packaging.The quality of germinated rice in nano-packaging was finally protected.3.The total amount of mould of germinated rice in nano-packaging was 24×10~4cfu/g,ΔE was 1.41,the protein content was 6.21%,and the total amount of essential amino acids was 20.62 mg/g.The nano-packaging effectively protects the nutritional quality of germinated rice.Two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis of germinated rice gluten in nano-packaging and normal packaging was carried out,and 120authentic proteins were identified,including 70 significant differential proteins.Through bioinformatics analysis,the biological function and metabolic pathways of each differential protein were clarified,and the nano-packaging was verified by the induction of protein,regulating the expression ability of the protein,thereby affecting the physiological metabolic activity of germinated rice,and finally effectively protecting the storage quality of germinated rice. |
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