Study On Ecological Sensitivity Of Bama Longevity And Health Maintenance International Tourism Zone Based On GIS And RS

With the rapid development of China's economic construction and the acceleration of urbanization process,a series of ecological and environmental problems have emerged,such as unreasonable land resources development,environmental pollution and shortage of land resources.The ecological environment is deteriorating day by day,the balance of natural ecological,the balance of economic development and the environmental protection have been broken which have seriously affected the development of China's economic construction and sustainable development.This paper takes Bama longevity and health maintenance international tourism zone as the research object,combines the technology of geographic information science(GIS)and remote sensing(RS)to analyze the temporal and spatial changes of land use/land cover(LUCC)in the past 16 years,and to evaluate the ecological sensitivity of the study area.Finally,according to the evaluation results of ecological sensitivity,the paper puts forward relevant ecological environment protection suggestions and measures for Bama longevity and health maintenance international tourism zone.The paper provides references for rational utilization of land resources,urban planning and spatial optimization.The conclusions are as follows:(1)Based on GIS/RS technology,this paper used the data of remote sensing images in 2000 and 2016 were extracted by human-computer interaction interpretation.From the two angles of land use spatial structure change and the land use degree,this paper selected four models,such as land use dynamic degree and comprehensive index of land use degree,to analyze the spatial variation characteristics of land use in the study area from 2000 to 2016.The results showed that in the past 16 years,the spatial and temporal changes of land use in the study area showed a situation of three increases and four decreases.Among them,the largest increase of forest land area was 8.11%,the dynamic degree of land use was 0.48%,the most significant decrease of cultivated land area was 14.55%,and the dynamic degree of land use was-0.86%.The six counties are in the stage of land use development,and the internal change degree of unused land is the greatest,and there are significant differences of land use types in different regions.(2)Based on the actual situation of Bama longevity and health maintenance international tourism zone,this paper chooses 16 evaluation factors of geological factors,physical geographical factors,social-economic factors and special sensitivity areas to construct the evaluation index system of ecological sensitivity.Analyzing the single factors,the distribution of five sensitive areas of 16 evaluation factors is also different.According to the area proportion of five sensitive areas in each county,the area proportion of highly sensitive areas is land use factor(58.71%)and karst index(26.67%),the area proportion of highly sensitive areas is topographic position index(29.00%)and net primaryproductivity of vegetation(34.33%).The area proportion of moderately sensitive areas is topographic position index(27.50%)and slightly sensitive.Soil texture(92.00%)accounted for the highest proportion of sensible area,while population density(92.41%)accounted for the highest proportion of insensitive area.(3)The weights of ecological sensitivity are determined by three weighting methods:analytic hierarchy process(AHP),coefficient of variation(CV)and combination weighting method.The results of ecological sensitivity evaluation obtained by these three weighting methods are compared and analyzed to the results of evaluation analysis,spatial distribution characteristics and the proportion of five sensitive areas in each county.Finally,the combination weighting method is determined to be the weighting method and the combination weighting method is integrated.According to the evaluation results of subjective and objective weighting methods,the weights obtained are more reasonable,and the spatial distribution pattern is closer to the actual distribution of Bama longevity and health maintenance international tourism zone.(4)Social economic factors are the important factors in the evaluation index system of ecological sensitivity of Bama longevity and health maintenance international tourism zone.Human activities disturbance has a certain influence on the ecological vulnerability of Bama longevity and health maintenance international tourism zone.After adding social economic factors,the proportion of five ecological sensitive areas in each county has changed greatly,the area of extreme sensitivty areas has increased 0.27%,and the highly mildly sensitive areas has increased 4.36%.The insensitive area decreased 2.18%.There were also significant differences in the growth rate of the five sensitive areas in other counties.Finally,according to the evaluation results of ecological sensitivity and the characteristics of different sensitive areas,the relevant countermeasures and suggestions for the ecological environment and economic development of Bama longevity and health maintenance international tourism zone are put forward.