Study On Extraction Technics And The Changes Of Ptaquiloside Content In Bracken Fern During Processing

Bracken is a young leaf from Pteridium aquilinum(L.)Kuhn var.latusculum(Desv)Underw,which is known as the fist dish,Ruyi dish,dragon claw dish,etc.,because it grows in natural woodland,less polluted,it is quality green natural food in our country.Ptaquiloside is a secondary sesquiterpene glucoside isolated from bracken.It has carcinogenic,teratogenic and mutagenic toxicity and the main toxic component in bracken.Ptaquiloside is unstable and can be transform into Pterosin B and glucose,which is non-toxic sesquiterpene at room temperature.In order to ensure the food safety of bracken products,the accurate and effective detection method of ptaquiloside is established,and the content of ptaquiloside in bracken products can be reduced by optimizing process,which can effectively control the content of ptaquiloside and reduce the carcinogenic risk of bracken products.It also provides analytical and testing techniques and theoretical research basis for the quality analysis and evaluation of bracken products and the development of product standards related about bracken products,which is great significance for the development of bracken resources.Objective: 1.On the basis of single factor,the optimal extraction conditions of ptaquiloside from bracken were optimized by response surface methodology,and the UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS detection method of ptaquiloside was established..2.Through the study of the stability of the original fern glycoside in heating temperature,heating time and acid-base environment,it provides ideas and solutions for the optimization of bracken processing technology.3.By investigating the effects of processing temperature,processing time,(acidity)p H value,salt content and flavouring quantity on the ptaquiloside contents of bracken products during processing,the response surface method was used to optimize the processing of bracken.while comparing the contents of ptaquiloside.4.Ptaquiloside provides a reference for the processing in fresh bracken,cured bracken and fried bracken.5.To study the changes of ptaquiloside contents in the process of digestion of bracken products in artificial gastric juice and artificial intestinal juice,and evaluate the safety of daily edible bracken.Method : 1.On the basis of single factor,the methanol concentration,solid-liquid ratio,extraction time and extraction times on the extraction yield of ptaquiloside were investigated by using Design Expect 10.0 software analysis and response surface analysis(RSM).Optimize the extraction conditions of ptaquiloside,and optimize the mass spectrometry conditions to establish the UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS detection method of ptaquiloside.2.On the basis of single factor,the effects of processing temperature,p H value,processing time,salt contents and flavoring on the elimination of ptaquiloside contents were investigated by using Design Expect 10.0 software.Response surface methodology(RSM)optimizes the processing conditions of bracken and reduces the content of ptaquiloside in bracken products.3.After crushing the processed bracken products,artificial gastric juice and artificial intestinal juice were added to study the change of ptaquiloside contents in the process of digestion of bracken products in artificial gastric juice and artificial intestinal juice.The safety of daily consumption of bracken was evaluated.Result : 1.The best extraction process for ultrasonic extraction of protamine from bracken and the best detection method of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS.2.Obtain a better processing technology of bracken,wherein the p H value has a great influence on the contents of ptaquiloside in processing,and among the three different processing methods,the fermented fern sample has the least amount of ptaquiloside,and the fern is fertilized.The vegetables are relatively small,while the fresh bracken has the highest contents of ptaquiloside.3.After pulverizing the processed bracken products,artificial gastric juice and artificial intestinal juice are added according to the ratio of material to liquid ratio of 1:20,and the contents of ptaquiloside in artificial gastric juice and artificial intestinal juice is obtained by detecting the content of ptaquiloside in artificial gastric juice and artificial intestinal juice.And compared with the amount of ptaquiloside in related literature reports,the content of ptaquiloside in artificial gastric juice and artificial intestinal juice is so lower and the contents decreases with time.