Study On The Molecular Mechanism Of Zinc Ion To Regulate The Mature And Differentiation Of Fat Body

Since the 21st century,with the development of science and technology,people's living standards have been improved,more and more people pay more attention to the maintenance of health,more and more pursuit of nutrition,health,safety.Therefore,the development and application of functional food has gradually become the focus of food research at home and abroad.Zinc is one of the essential trace elements in human body.Its imbalance is closely related to many diseases.Zinc ion can not be synthesized in vivo,can only rely on foreign food to provide,is easy to lack of trace elements in the population.Therefore,the study of the absorption,transport,utilization and other possible functions of zinc ions in vivo is of guiding significance to the development of functional foods.In mammals,two zinc transport protein families,SLC39 A and SLC30 A,have been found to be directly involved in intracellular zinc transport and maintain zinc homeostasis.The core transport mechanism of zinc between invertebrates and mammals is very conservative.It has been found that the classical model organism drosophila melanogaster and mammalian zinc transport genes are highly homologous and functionally conserved.In this experiment,we used the classical model Drosophila melanogaster to investigate the role of zinc ion transporter foi in the maturation and differentiation of the fat body of Drosophila melanogaster.After a large number of experiments,it is found that:1.Consistent with the bioinformatics prediction that foi is a member of the zip protein family,foi is responsible for transferring extracellular zinc ions into the cytoplasm.2.After adipose body knockout foi,the process of adipocytes dissociation was inhibited,which indicated that foi expressed in fatbody controlled the differentiation of fatbody cell.3.The developmental defects caused by low foi in adipose body can be saved by overexpressing Zip protein Catsup on Golgi apparatus or adding zinc to Drosophila food.On the contrary,the phenotype caused by foi overexpression,which leads to the advance of fat body dispersion,can be saved by ZnT6 overexpression or zinc reduction in food.These results suggest that foi affects cell differentiation by regulating intracellular zinc ion levels.4.After foi knockout,the cell junction becomes closer,the foi overexpression celljunction is worse,and the dietary zinc supplementation will save the cell junction closer phenotype caused by foi knockdown,on the contrary,dietary reduction of zinc can save the phenotype of worse cell junction caused by foi overexpression.It is suggested that foi affects the process of adipose differentiation by mediating intracellular zinc level affecting cell junction.5.It was found that the activity of foi knockdown decreased and the activity of foi overexpression MMPs increased,while the level of MMPs protein did not change after the change of foi expression level.It is suggested that the regulation of cytoplasmic zinc level by foi affects the activity of MMPs rather than the protein level of MMPs.The decrease of Mmp1 or Mmp2 gene knockout saves the overexpression of foi and further verifies the role of MMPs.In conclusion,we used drosophila melanogaster to analyze the role of zinc transporter foi in the process of adipocyte dissociation,and to explore the molecular mechanism of zinc ion affecting adipose tissue maturation and differentiation.To find a new breakthrough for the study of functional food.This study is the first time to explore the molecular mechanism of zinc ion affecting adipose fatbody and fusion,to reveal the mechanism of zinc ion regulating fatbody cell growth and fatbody tissue maturation and differentiation,and to make rational use of nutrient elements to regulate fatbody development,deposition and even physiological regulation are of great significance.On the other hand,fatbody differentiation is inextricably linked to many diseases,such as cancer,obesity,type II diabetes,fatty liver,hyperlipidemia and breast cancer.The in-depth study of zinc ion and fat differentiation and regulation can not only provide profound theoretical significance for exploring the important disease process listed above,but also provide very important practical significance for the prevention and treatment of the above important diseases.