Research On Legal Issues Of Regulating The Application Of Environmental Big Data In China

With the rapid development of Internet,Internet of Things and cloud computing technology and the rapid improvement of the national economy,the convergence of the two technologies has resulted in a large amount of information data.Structured and unstructured data show an explosive growth trend.Therefore,the product of big data has come to people's attention.Especially in 2012,the U.S.government listed big data as a national strategy.In February,the New York Times column.After putting forward the conclusion that "the era of big data" is coming,there is a wave of big data application all over the world.Among them,Gary King,a professor at Harvard University who has made outstanding contributions in the field of sociology,has also endowed this era with the significance of sociology,which can be summed up as a revolution sweeping all fields of society: the rapid growth and huge data resources will begin a quantitative process in the fields of government,business,academia and so on,and this will rapidly extend to the whole society,All sectors of society.In the early years,the United States has explored the application of big data in agriculture,commerce,energy,health,ecology,education,public safety and other fields.Especially in the field of ecological environment,the application of big data to the environment is a key development area and has made considerable achievements.Then,in 2016,it released the Federal Strategic Plan for Big Data Research and Development,which is the latest report on big data research and development.On the basis of summing up the development that has made some achievements in the past,we should formulate key R&D strategies to adapt to the future,and further guide the development process of big data in the United States.In the early stage of big data development,Britain also seized the opportunity of applying big data in time.In 2013,the country issued the Strategic Plan for the Development of Data Capability in Britain to support the development of big data in policy.It focused on fostering the big data industry with high and new technology as the first priority of the government,hoping to solve the current situation of economic downturn.Such a policy will not only increase for Britain.Employment has also stimulated economic vitality and become a leader in big data analysis.In the first time,the EU region has taken thedevelopment of big data as an important driver of employment and economic growth.Even in 2014,it issued the Data-Driven Economic Strategy,which enhances the social and economic share of data and separately takes it as an economic industry with great development prospects and economic benefits.Japan's big data industry began with ITC.It has been making great efforts to develop ITC(Information,Communication,Technology)almost every year to publish policies on this development.It is committed to creating an open government with wide range of information and data open to the whole society.In 2015,China began to attach importance to the application of big data.In that year,the State Council issued the Notice of the State Council on the Platform for Action to Promote the Development of Big Data.By 2016,the Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the Overall Plan for the Construction of Big Data of Eco-environment.Combining with the national big data development policy,the process of environmental big data is planned from the top level of design,which opens the prelude of the construction of environmental big data application in China.At present,the application and construction of environmental big data in China is still in its infancy.The state has launched this construction project by establishing pilot projects.Large environmental data in Guizhou,Inner Mongolia and other places have developed to a certain scale,and there are many innovative measures worth learning from other regions,but at the same time,let us find that there are still many problems in the construction.For example,the ownership of environmental data is not clear,and disputes easily arise after using the data;the establishment of database is complex,but there is no certain standard,data fusion is difficult,and data are time-sensitive,which will lead to waste of data and lose the significance of environmental data construction;the national information disclosure system is defective,and it is not clear that it should be made public or not.Which scope of environmental data is open,or totally not open,easily leads to the problem of infringement of privacy that should be kept confidential,or should be open but not open,which leads to inadequate collection of environmental data;inadequate public participation,lack of institutional norms and other issues need to be solved,so it is imperative to study the application of environmental big data construction.At the theoretical level,policy level and legal level,we should solve all kinds of problemswe encounter and will encounter to ensure the smooth progress of the application of environmental big data.