Preparation Of Polytetrafluoroethylene Composite Fiber Membrane And Study On Oil-water Separation

With the rapid development of society,various problems have arisen.Among them,the problem of oily wastewater has been deeply concerned by people,but it has been plagued by people because of its difficult solution.Therefore,how to effectively solve the oil pollution water source has attracted wide attention from people in various countries.At present,scientists are working on materials with obvious interface wettability for oil-water separation.In this paper,a PTFE-based substrate was prepared by sol-gel method and electrospinning technology,and a series of fiber membranes were obtained by directly adding oxides of different masses.A series of characterizations of materials were carried out by means of TG-EDS,SEM,XRD,TEM,FT-IR,etc.,in order to observe the morphology and structural composition of the materials.The hydrophobicity of the materials,the oil-water separation performance of different oil-water mixtures,and the recycling properties of the materials were also investigated.The specific research conclusions are as follows:（1）The PVA/PTFE composite fiber membranes with different mass ratios were prepared by electrospinning method and the PTFE fiber membranes were successfully obtained by low temperature calcination.The fibers have uniform thickness and good toughness.They were bonded together after melting to form a fibrous web structure having more voids and joints.Moreover,the PTFE fiber membranes have stable superhydrophobicity,and as the amount of PTFE added increases,the hydrophobic angle also increases,which can be as high as 166.4°.In the oil-water separation test,the PTFE fiber membrane exhibited good oil-water separation efficiency,and the separation efficiency of the three different oil-water mixtures was as high as 98.5%.And the PTFE fiber membrane has excellent stability and cycle performance,and can be continuously recycled for separating oil-water mixtures,especially an acidic oil-water mixture.（2）A series of PTFE/ZnO fiber membranes with different masses of ZnO were prepared by electrospinning and calcination.The obtained fiber has a non-uniform diameter and is bonded together after melting to form a connected fibrous structure having a certain porosity.Moreover,the surface of the fiber has protrusions and pits,and the rough structure and the micron-scale roughness of the PTFE fiber itself constitute a secondary roughness of the micro-nano scale.In addition,the PTFE/ZnO fiber membrane has stable superhydrophobicity,and the smaller the amount of ZnO added,the larger the hydrophobic angle,which can be as high as 166.4°.In the oil-water separation test,it was found that the PTFE/ZnO fiber membrane has good oil-water separation efficiency for different oil-water mixtures,both of which are as high as 98.5%.In addition,PTFE/ZnO has good stability and cycle properties,especially for continuous recycling in the separation of neutral oil-water mixtures.（3）PTFE/Al₂O₃ fiber membranes containing different masses of Al₂O₃ were prepared by the same synthesis method.The fiber diameter is nonuniform,the surface of the fiber is uneven,and there is a spherical structure between the fiber and the fiber.The protrusions and pits on the surface of the particle and the fiber together form a rough structure.In addition,the PTFE/Al₂O₃ fiber membrane has stable superhydrophobicity,and the smaller the amount of Al₂O₃ added,the larger the hydrophobic angle,which can be as high as 178°.In the oil-water separation test,it was found that the PTFE/Al₂O₃ fiber membrane has good oil-water separation efficiency for different oil-water mixtures,both up to 98.5%.The PTFE/Al₂O₃ fiber membrane has good stability and cycle performance and can be continuously recycled for separating oil-water mixtures,especially neutral oil-water mixtures.