Characteristics And Sources Of Heavy Metal Pollution In Snow Covered Areas In Northeast China

Heavy metal pollutants in the atmosphere are increasing,and they fall to the surface with dry and wet sedimentation,causing serious damage to animals and plants and human health.This paper takes the northeastern China(including the three northeastern provinces and eastern Inner Mongolia)as the study area,collects three snow samples from the 2017~2018 snowfall period,and uses inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)to analyze six heavy metal elements(chromium)in the sample.The contents of Cr,copper Cu,zinc Zn,arsenic As,cadmium Cd and lead Pb were measured.The distribution and diffusion of heavy metal pollution in the whole Northeast China were analyzed.The heavy metal elements were analyzed by pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis.Contrast to explore the differences and linkages between different types of metal pollution.Taking Harbin as the representative,we will study the pollution level of heavy metals in typical industrial cities in Northeast China and the pollution patterns in different areas of the city.Research indicates:(1)Overall,the content of six metal elements in the snow samples in Northeast China is the highest in Zn and the lowest in Cd.The heavy metal content in the snow sample in Harbin is consistent with the entire northeast region.Heavy metal elements in Northeast China have large coefficients of variation,indicating that their sources of emissions are interfered by higher human factors.Among them,the content of heavy metal elements in snow in the four provinces of Northeast China is slightly different,and the content of heavy metal elements in Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province is higher.(2)From the analysis of the sample results,the heavy metal pollution in the snow in the northeastern region showed a trend of high and low in the middle,mainly concentrated in the southern part of Heilongjiang Province,northwest of Jilin Province,northern Liaoning Province,and Inner Mongolia.Southeast.The abdomen area in the northeastern region is a concentrated area distributed by heavy industrial cities.Heavy industrial cities concentrate on the emission of atmospheric metal pollutants andgradually spread to the surrounding areas.Combining the pollution degree of heavy industry in Northeast China with the air quality index AQI,it is found that heavy industry cities have high pollution and high AQI index.(3)Using correlation analysis method and principal component analysis method,it can be seen that there are certain correlations among heavy metal sources in Northeast China,and heavy metal pollution in each province mainly comes from three aspects:metal smelting,steel manufacturing and mining.Industrial pollution,traffic pollution mainly caused by automobile exhaust emissions,and domestic pollution caused by coal-fired emissions.(4)According to the analysis of snow samples collected in different areas of Harbin,most of the elements except the elements Cu and Cr are higher in the urban area of Harbin than in the suburbs,and the content in industrial areas and traffic areas is higher than Residential and commercial areas.(5)Correlation analysis was also carried out on heavy metal elements in snow in various areas of Harbin.It is found that most of the heavy metal elements in Harbin also have a very significant correlation.Using principal component analysis to analyze the differences of heavy metal pollution sources in different regions,it can be seen that the metal pollution in Songbei District mainly comes from coal combustion.The metal pollution in Daoli and Nangang District mainly comes from traffic sources.The pollution from Daowai and Xiangfang District mainly comes from industrial sources and coal.Burning and other human pollution.Whether in the entire northeast region or in the heavy industrial city of Harbin,the source of heavy metal pollution is not limited to a single one.The pollution types in each region are complex and diverse.Each type of pollution source will have an impact on the regional environment,and it will also be due to atmospheric pollutants.Long-distance transport,resulting in large-scale regional pollution.