Genome-Wide Association Study For Main Traits Of Steamed Bread

Steamed bread is a traditional food in China,which always play an important role in the dietary structure.At present,there have been many studies on steamed bread at home and abroad,but these studies are mostly limited to the impact of raw materials,processing technology and ingredients on the quality of steamed bread,and there is almost no research on the genetic mechanism of the quality of steamed bread.In recent years,with the continuous development of biometric technology and successful application in the field of genomics in plants,the use of genome-wide association analysis of natural population natural population single nucleotide polymorphism markers to mine crops quantitative trait genes has become a hot topic in the field of crops.This provides a new thinking about genes that affect the quality traits of steamed bread from a molecular perspective.In this study,24 355 SNP markers were used for genome-wide analysis of the main quality traits?specific volume,colour and texture?of steamed bread,aiming to explore the effects of genes on the quality traits of steamed bread,and cultivate wheat with good traits for molecular breeding techniques.The main findings were as follows:1.The phenotypic variation analysis of the main quality of steamed bread under four environments was conducted.The results showed that the genetic variation coefficient of five traits including internal a^*,external a^*,hardness,adhesion and adhesion were more than 20%,and genetic variation coefficient of seven traits including specific volume,external L^*,external b^*,internal L^*,internal b^*,spring and resilience ranged from 10%to 20%,which showed these traits were rich in genetic variation and had great potential for improvement.2.The significant correlation loci and Q-Q plot of GLM,GLM_Q and MLM_Q+K statistical models were analyzed and it was determined that the optimal statistical model was MLM_Q+K.3.24 355 SNP sites distributed on wheat whole genome were used to conduct GWAS.A number of 631 significant MTAs were detected in four environments.Among them,there were 78 highly significant and relatively stable sites,and 84 major effective sites accounting for 10%of phenotypic variation,which were distribute on 21 chromosomes of wheat,and the number of MTAs distributed on chromosome 4A,2B,5B,7A,3B and 6A accounted for about56%of the total number of sites.4.A total of 40 pleiotropic MTAs which associated with several different traits at the same time were detected.The most associated traits were Kukri_c13329₈00 on chromosome2D and wsnp_Ex_c14654₂2713386 on chromosome 7A.