A Study On The Classification And Biodiversity Of Soil Hypotrichs In The Farmland Ecosystem

Soil Hypotrichs are the most complex and highest unicellular animals and one of the most important animal groups in the soil ecosystem.The farmland ecosystem is a very important and special kind of ecosystem,which has important service function value,and the study on the classification and biodiversity of Soil Hypotrichs in it is sparse and highly scattered all over the world.Therefore,it is necessary and urgent to give systematically research about classification and species diversity of soil ciliate in the farmland ecosystems.Therefore,in this study,we selected the farmland of Linxia,Qingyang and Zhangye in Gansu Province as the experimental sample area.By studying the taxonomy and characteristics of Soil Hypotrichs community,this study aims to discover important species and explore the species diversity characteristics of farmland ecosystems.During the period from September 2017 to May 2018,five farmland samples were selected from Linxia City: Lilium brownii(LXBH),Medicago sativa(LXMX),Solanum tuberosum(LXTD),Zea mays(LXYM),and Brassica oleracea(LXCH),one Triticum aestivum(QYXM)farmland sample was selected from Qingyang City,and one Zea mays(LXYM)farmland sample was selected from Zhangye City.The study on classification and species diversity of Soil Hypotrichs in the farmland ecosystems in Qingyang City,Zhangye City and Linxia City,Gansu Province were carried out by employing “observation in vivo”,“protargol impregnation techniques” and “directing-culture counting method”.The research results include:(1)A detailed study and analysis of the 1 new species(Anteholosticha ningi sp.nov.),1 new record species in China(Hemiurosoma similis),6 new record species in Gansu(Hemiurosoma similis,Hemiamphisiella granulifera,Gastrostyla steinii,Bakuella granulifera,Deviata bacilliformis and Sterkiella multicirrata)and 14 common species of the farmland ecosystem in vivo morphology,infraciliature,and and the systematic relationships between species and groups were carried out.(2)In this study,a total of 57 ciliate species were identified,belonging to 3 orders,7 families and 21 genera.Oxytricha was the dominant group;Gonostomum,Urosoma and Sterkiella were the secondary dominant groups.Among the 7 research samples,the species number and species distribution of ciliate in five samples in Linxia were richer and more diverse than other samples.Among them,of 3 orders,5 families,11 genera and 21 species in LXMX sample which was the most abundant and diverse site,the LXCH sample was followed by a total of 6 orders,3 families,10 genera and 16 species.3 orders,4 families,7 genera and 15 species were the least in LXBH sample.Among the remaining 2 samples,the QYXM sample had the fewest species and the species distribution was the simplest.A total of 2 orders,4 families,6 genera and 9 species were observed.(3)Cluster analysis and Jaccard community similarity analysis Soil Hypotrichs community in various samples showed that the species distribution and community composition of LXMX sample are significantly different from other samples,and the environment is the most superior,Its soil porosity and water content were the highest,and species density is also the largest,which is more suitable for the survival of soil ciliates;the other 6 samples can be divided into two groups,that is,the four samples in Linxia are more similar,and the two samples in Zhangye and Qingyang are more similar.(4)Correlation analysis between the soil physical-chemical parameters and the soil hypotrichous ciliate community characteristics parameters showed that water content and soil porosity were significantly positively correlated with Soil Hypotrichs diversity index,Margalef index and species number(P<0.01);Soil temperature,conductivity and pH were correlated with the characteristic parameters of soil hypotrichous ciliate community,but not significant.The water content and soil porosity were the dominant physical-chemical parameters affecting the ciliate community composition.