Study On The Application Effect Of Sediment In Matrix On Several Typical Plants

The water resources have always been an important resource for human survival and development.In recent years,due to the deterioration of lake water quality,the artificial reservoir has become the main source of drinking water for human beings.Due to the influence of natural factors and human activities,the water quality of the reservoir is also gradually deteriorating.One of the most important culprits for the deterioration of water quality is the siltation of the sediment in the reservoir,sediment is the main storage area of the nutrient,heavy metals and organic pollutants in the reservoir,and constantly releasing pollutants into the water body.In order to protect the safety of human drinking water source and to purify the water quality,the treatment of the sediment of the reservoir has become an environmental problem to be solved urgently.While environmental dredging is the most effective way,the main way for the removal of the reservoir sediment through the reservoir,to do a"cleansing",can not only expand the capacity can also solve the water problem thoroughly,but dredging not only contains all kinds of useful material,there are many harmful substances,improper treatment on sediment not only will cause two pollution to the environment,but also caused a waste of resources.The utilization of agricultural resources is the main use direction of the Aha reservoir.In this study,the physical and chemical properties and heavy metal pollution characteristics of the Aha reservoir were evaluated by"CJ/T 340-2011 green soil planting"and"national soil nutrient content grading standard"by field investigation and laboratory analysis.And dredged sediment for Calendula officinalis L.,Impatiens balsamina Linn.,Matthiola incana(L.)R.Br.,Hibiscus hybrid,Trifolium repens Linn.,Lolium perenne L.planting experiments to explore the Aha reservoir sediment for horticultural plant cultivation effect,with a view to the Aha reservoir and similar karst mountain lake pollution Remediation project to provide reference materials.The results shows that:(1)Between the Aha Lake pH ranged from 7.74~7.81,was neutral to weak alkaline,the average value is 7.7,belong to alkalescent,between 41.52%~60.32%sediment water content,an average of 51.33%,between the sediment ranged from 2.33~2.55 to g/cm~3,the average of 2.41 between the sediment porosity is between 31.52~33.26%,the average value is 31.78%,the highest content of clay sediments 41%.The texture is heavy,Aha Lake water content is low,low porosity,texture is heavy,if the sediment is directly used as the substrate,is not conducive to plant growth in most.(2)Mean of Aha Lake organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium were 112.43g/kg,2.4 g/kg,1.21 g/kg,86.54 g/kg,the mean nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were 0.54 mg/kg,42.42 mg/kg,195.68 mg/kg,are in line with the"CJ/T 340-2011"planting soil in the requirements.At the same time,in accordance with the"national standard"classification of soil nutrient content,Aha Reservoir sediment organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium were the highest,alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and potassium at high and very high level,using it as a substrate of plants,can reduce the amount of fertilizer.(3)Mean of Aha Lake heavy metals As,Cr,Pb,Cd,Hg,Zn and Cu contents were 30.18,109.37,109.73,1.13,0.22,228.14,76.72 mg/kg,more than the Guizhou surface sediment background value and the mean sediment,have accumulated to a certain extent in the reservoir and the sediment.In the reservoir are unevenly distributed,high spatial variability,Nemero comprehensive pollution index of heavy metals in the sediment of the mean value is 0.91,which belongs to the still clean level,can be used for cultivation of horticultural plants.(4)Considering the plant height and crown width,Calendula matrix J4 on the growth effect of best harvest,plant height was higher than that in control group 15.67 cm,compared with the pure sediment treatment is 19.44 cm,was compared with the control group 5.75 cm,3.38 cm larger than pure sediment treatment;Impatiens F5 treatment on the growth of the best effect matrix,harvest height is higher than the control group 26.03 cm,compared with the pure sediment treatment is 7.53 cm,was compared with the control group 12.38 cm,3.12 cm larger than pure sediment treatment;violet matrix Z3 on the growth effect of best harvest,plant height was higher than that in control group 12 cm,compared with pure sediment treatment 11.27cm,was compared with the control group 4.23 cm,3.50 cm larger than pure mud treatment;beauty Furong M4 on their growth in the matrix effect is best,the harvest height is higher than the control group 16.67 cm,compared with the pure sediment treatment is 17.37 cm,was compared with the control group 9.67 cm Compared with pure sediment treatment,9.87cm;white clover in the matrix of B4 on the growth effect of best harvest time,plant height was higher than that in control group 7.43 cm,compared with the pure sediment treatment is 7.39 cm,was compared with the control group 3.06 cm,3.35cm larger than pure sediment treatment;ryegrass matrix H4 treatment on the growth of the best effect,the harvest height is higher than the control group 6.83 cm,compared with the pure sediment treatment is 16.10 cm,the biomass compared with the control group,29.42 mg,33.67 mg larger than pure sediment treatment;sediment adding other materials can be used as cultivation of horticultural plants.(5)In the sediment as the substrate utilization process,marigold,Impatiens,violets,beautiful lotus,sediment white clover and ryegrass matrix addition were 70%,90%,50%,70%,70%,70%,to the normal growth of plants grew better and sediment maximum utilization amount is to promote the growth of plants and sediment resources utilization.(6)In the sediment as substrate of planting marigold,Impatiens,violet,hibiscus,white clover and ryegrass beauty process,nutrient content of the matrix with the sediment concentration increased decreased;after planting,the nutrient content of 6 plants were before planting decreased to different extent,reduce the degree of each there are differences;at the same time,after planting due to plant growth and the pH and EC matrix is low before planting,can be reused.