Distribution Characteristics And Bioaccumulation Of Organophosphate Esters In The Typical Marine Area

Organophosphate esters（OPEs）are utilized as flame retardants in a large variety of customer products,such as textile,electronics and plastics industries.As OPEs is added to the material in a filling manner,material damage will soon lead to OPEs leaking into the environment and are generally detected in various environmental medium.The ocean is the largest ecosystem on the earth,and its environmental change has been intensity impacted by global climate change and human activities.Exploring the occurrence and environmental behavior of OPEs in the marine environment is conductive to clarifying the global distribution of OPEs and providing theoretical basis for OPEs pollution control.These two typical areas were very appropriate for the research on OPEs distribution characteristics and bioaccumulation mechanism.A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method was established for the determination of 10 organophosphate esters（OPEs）.A water pretreatment method of OPEs with C₁₈8 membrane was established.The orthogonal test was used to determine the optimum conditions for pretreatment of trace organisms in large volume water sample,and the method detection limit ranged from 0.08 to 0.55 ng/L.At the same time,the pretreatment methods of OPEs in sediment and organism were optimized,in which OPEs were extracted rapidly by ultrasound.Spatial distribution,phase distribution and bioaccumulation were researched of OPEs in the coastal marine environment.Seawater,sediment and scallop samples were collected in Hebei marine culture area in 2017 for OPEs detection.In phase distribution study,TOC had a significant negative correlation with Log K_OCC of OPEs ranged from 1.40 to 3.08,which may be affected by local human activities.According to bioaccumulation factors（BAF）,scallop can significantly accumulate OPEs from dissolved seawater with a significant correlation between BAF and K_OW,but failed in sediment.It mainly related to the filter feeding characteristics of scallop and the raft type culture in Hebei marine culture area.For the purpose of define the concentration and spatial distribution of OPEs in polar and pelagic areas,the seawater samples were collected in the Arctic Yellow River Station in 2016 and 7th Chinese National Arctic research expedition.In order to facilitate the detection of OPEs,the sample after constant volume was concentrated.The concentration range of∑OPEs in the surface seawater and glacial meltwater in Ny-Alesund Arctic region were ranged from 0.09 to 6.64 ng/L,and the overall OPEs concentration ranged from 0.66 to 61.64 ng/L in the seawater for the 7th Chinese National Arctic research expedition.Levels of OPEs concentration were reduced gradually from the Japanese sea to the Bering Strait,and a high level were detected in the center of Arctic Ocean,which may be associated with the current activities and the Arctic Glacier.