The Solid State Fermentation System Of Cordyceps Militaris With High Production Of Carotenoids And Its Product

Cordyceps militaris is a precious medicinal and edible fungus,which contains a variety of active components such as cordyceps polysaccharides,cordycepic acid,cordycepin,adenosine and new carotenoids.C.militaris has been reported to possess lots of biological and pharmacological properties,including anti-inflammatory,anticancer,antitumour,immunomodulation,antioxidant and antibacterial.Carotenoids is a general name for hydrocarbon compounds and oxidation derivatives of isoprene units.It also showed functions in anti-inflammatory,anticancer,antioxidant and so on.The C.militaris carotenoids are proved to be more water-soluble than traditional carotenoids,and its structure had been identified in the latest reserch.As a rare type of water soluble carotenoid,C.militaris carotenoids has more potential physiological activity than the traditional carotenoids theoretically.Therefore,its development and application are the urgent problems to be solved.The solid state fermentation system with high production of carotenoids was established by using the strains of C.militaris we selected.The effects of the inducers on the solid state fermentation system were also studied,and three kinds of products were developed.(1)The strains with high production of carotenoids were obtained by solid state fermentation with carotenoid content as the target.The result showed that the strains of C.militaris with high production of carotenoids were CM-09,CM-04 and CM-10.(2)The optimum C/N ratio was set according to the research of our group and references,and the rice substrate was used as the control formula.A series of formulas were designed and the best one was selected by the content of carotenoids.The solid state fermentation substrates for CM-09,CM-04,CM-10 were 73% Wheat,20% Wheat bran,7% Corn;5% Soybean,85% Wheat,10% Rice;73% Wheat,20% Wheat bran,7% Corn.(3)The strain CM-10 was used to optimize the conditions of solid state fermentation.The solid state fermentation conditions were cofirmed on the content of carotenoids.Optimum operating conditions obtained were determined as particle size 10 mesh,initial moisture content 48%,growth time of mycelium in the dark 12 d,growth temperature of mycelium in the dark 22℃,natural pH,inoculum size 25%,substrate weight 25 g,illumination temperature 25℃,illumination time 35 d.(4)The effect of five inducers(Oyster shell powder,chitosan,potassium chloride,sodium acetate and citric acid)on the solid state fermentation system were studied.The result showed that only the 2mg/m L chitosan had a certain promotion effect on the production of C.militaris carotenoids.There were no obvious promoting effects of the other four inducers,some of which even inhibited.(5)Finally the substrates were dried and crushed to make a powder product.The active components of our powder product were analysed and determined.The fermentation powder product including carotenoids 508μg/g,cordyceps polysaccharides 0.7%,cordycepic acid 1.4%,cordycepin 187.1mg/L,adenosine 13.2mg/L.The concentrated solution was prepared by leaching,filtration and concentration.The optimum extraction process: the ratio of material to liquid is 1:30,ethanol concentration is 70%,bath temperature is 60℃.C.Militaris pigmentation paste was developed by using the substrates.The optimum development process: the ratio of material to liquid is 2:3,heating time 11 min,the consumption of oil 6%,the consumption of sugar 10%,the consumption of salt 0.2%,the consumption of CMC-Na 0.4%.