| 1.Screening and identification of the best straw degrading bacteriaThis experiment was carried out in November 2014,the goal is to select good straw degrading bacteria from the rumen.First,through the screening of Cellulose Congo red medium,we screened 200 strains.Then the library was selected through sodium carboxymethyl cellulose culture medium,we obtained 31 strains with a strong ability to produce enzyme and the ability to decompose carboxymethyl cellulose.Through liquid fermentation screening,we determinated rice straw degradation rate of these 31 strains in 10d,30d,90d.The results showed that there are 10 strains of degradation effect is better.Through primary and secondary screening,effect of strain 6#,11#,47#,73#,80#,82#,83#,132#all are better.In addition,we do pot experiment by using these bacteria liquid respectively of cotton shell,cotton and cotton stalk.We determinated degradation rate of these strains in 30d.Compared with the control group,the degradation efficiency of the strain 11#was significantly increased,and the degradation effect was the best.2.Effect of straw degrading bacteria on the degradation of straw in the fieldIn order to further evaluate the effect of straw degrading bacteria in the field.In this study,The pre screening better straw degrading bacteria were conducted field experiment from June 2015 to November 2015 in a rice-wheat rotation field.In every half month after treatment,the soil nutrients were measured and the residual amount of straw,cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin content were determined.Experimental results show that in we test the change of soil nutrient of each treatment in 157d.Compared with control group,the treatment of strain 11#and "NS" all had significant effects on improving soil.We detected the straw residue and straw,lignin,cellulose content in every half month.Compared with the control group and the treatment of "NS",strain 11#had the best degradation effect.Treatment for 75 days,the straw changed from 43.5g/500g to 7.5g/500g;In 15～30d,the degradation rate was the fastest,the degradation rate of hemicellulose was 40.5%,the degradation rate of cellulose was 27.4%,and the lignin degradation rate was 20.4%.Therefore,through the assessment of the effect of soil nutrient content and the effect of straw degradation,11#(Chryseobacterium sp.)was proved to be a good strain in the degradation of straw.3.The effects of bio-fertilizer "Nanjing Shield" on controlling Sauteed Green Beans diseases and growth-promotingThis study was carried out in April 2015,by using microbial fertilizer "Nanjing shield",we find it can effectively improve the germination rate of Sauteed Green Beans,promote its growth,prevent it’s Blight disease,And improve the fruit quality of Sauteed Green Beans significantly.The results show that:after sowing for 10 days,the seedling emergence rate of "NS" treatment groups are 9.25%higher than the control plants.After 25 days of treatment,"NS" treated Sauteed Green Beans plants height,stem diameter are increased by 72.31%,16.22%respectively.After 41 days of treatment,"NS" treated Sauteed Green Beans plants height,stem diameter,Chlorophyll,number of leaves,number of results,pod weight and yield are increased by 9.70%,16.22%,12.81%,25%,9.22%,30%respectively.The results show that "NS" can promote the growth of Sauteed Green Beans."NS" can not only promote the growth of Sauteed Green Beans,but can effectively prevent it’s Blight disease,"NS" plants Blight disease severity was dramatically lower than that of the control plants,with the biocontrol efficacy up to 42.75%,At the same time the soluble protein,vitamin C,soluble solids of treatment group’ Sauteed Green Beans are significantly better than the control group.It is indicated that "NS" has a significant effect on promoting the health and preventing disease of Sauteed Green Beans and has practical application value.4.Effect on growth and biological control of tomato by using different dosage of "NS" granulesIn this study,different dosage of "NS" granules were used,do the greenhouse experiment on tomato.Preliminary explored the growth-promoting and biological control of different dosage of "NS" on tomato through granules were embedded in the root in the greenhouse experiment.Experimental results show that different dosage of "NS" granules compared with blank control groups certainly improve in several physiological indexs.Through comprehensive comparison,the growth best effect is 2 granules on tomato.Tomato plant height reach 33.2cm,root length reach 11.67cm,leaf number per plant is 9,chlorophyll content is 47.24 SPAD,shoot dry weight and fresh weight reached 1.03 g and 12.03g,underground stem fresh weight reached 0.175g and 1.8g.Compared with the blank control group,the growth indexes were significantly increased.Moreover,different dosage of "NS" granules,its biocontrol effect also has the difference,the best effect on biological control of tomato is 2 the greenhouse experiment is 2 granules and its biocontrol effect reach 65.3%.5.The demonstration and extension of Organic plant protection system on ArtemisiaWe applied organic plant protection system to Artemisia selengensis in July 2015 on baguazhou farm in Nanjing.The demonstration was divided into two treatments of organic plant protection system and conventional cultivation system.Organic plant protection system,using of biological pesticides and fertilizers were adopted in the whole process of organic plant protection system.The normal way of planting,using of chemical pesticides and chemical fertilizers were adopted in conventional cultivation system,We did not found excessive heavy metals of two planting systems,by defection of soil sample.Through soil testing indexes,promoting indexes and quality indexes,were detected two soil system after the planting.After organic plant protection system,soil ammonium nitrogen,available phosphorus have a significant difference compared with conventional cultivation system and effective potassium content returned to normal levels.This results indicted that Organic plant protection system significantly increased the soil fertility.In organic plant protection system,the ratio of carbon and nitrogen is 18.37,which is a better level and the ratio of conventional cultivation system is low,which may lead to soil acidulate.At the same time,we detected the soil heavy metals,not found in the phenomenon of excessive heavy metals.So through the organic system of plant protection,soil have been improved.35 days after transplanting,compared with conventional cultivation system,the plant height,stem diameter,and Chlorophyll of organic plant protection system was increased significantly;208d days after transplanting,because of not using hormones,plant high organic plant protection system than conventional cultivation system slightly low,but average number of tillers than conventional cultivation system improves the 1,stem diameter than conventional cultivation system improves the 0.11cm,the chlorophyll content than conventional cultivation system increased by 6.03SPAD.The results show that the organic plant protection system has obvious growth promoting effect of Artemisia selengensis.At last,we future detected Artemisia selengensis stem elements and nutritional quality,the protein,the vitamin C content was significantly higher than that of conventional cultivation system,Titration acid content were significantly lower than that of conventional cultivation system,the soluble sugar content higher than conventional cultivation system.Meanwhile,the content of total flavonoids is significantly higher than conventional cultivation system.Organic plant protection system of Artemisia is worth promoting,because the advantages of organic plant protection system can reflected from all aspects. |
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