The Basic Research Of Polymer Matrix Mineral Composite Nanofibers' Application In Water Treatment

The definition of nanomaterial is that at least one of three dimensions of the material is at the nanoscale.The attentions of researchers are more and more focused on nanofibers.There are many methods developed to prepare nanofibers.The electrospinning is the only direct method to continuously prepare the polymeric nanofibers.The method can be applied to natural and synthetic polymers,polymer alloys,and polymers loaded with nanoparticles,chromophores,and active agents,as well as ceramics or metals.At the beginning of the 21st century,researchers began to prepare various organic,inorganic,organic/inorganic composite nanofibers by electrospinning which has begun to turn to functional composite nanofibers,of which the new-style composite nanofibers used for water treatment is a hotspot.In this paper,we select polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)as polymer matrix;montmorillonite(MMT)nanoparticles with cation adsorption performance,layered double hydroxides(LDHs)particles with anion adsorption performance,BiP04 particles with photocatalytic degradation performance as inorganic functional material.We prepared a series of organic/inorganic composite nanofiber menbranes successfully by electrospinning.The properties of the nanofibers as-prepared were also studied.Our main work is as follows:(1)PVA/MMT composite nanofiber:The optimal technological conditions of preparing PVA/MMT composite nanofiber is that the quality percentage of PVA is 6wt.%,the quality percentage of MMT is 1wt.%or 2wt.%,the inner diameter of needle is 0.8 mm,the rate of solution supply is 1 mL/h,the receive distance is 15 cm,and the electrospinning voltage is 15 kV.MMT and PVA were composited together well,and the as-prepared composite nanofibers can adsorb the cation in water.(2)PVA/LDHs composite nanofiber:The LDHs were synthetized by copreciptation method.The optimal technological conditions of preparing PVA/LDHs composite nanofiber is that the quality percentage of PVA is 6wt.%,the quality percentage of LDHs is 2wt.%,the inner diameter of needle is 0.8 mm,the rate of solution supply is 1 mL/h,the receive distance is 15 cm,and the electrospinning voltage is 15 kV.LDHs and PVA were composited together well,and the as-prepared composite nanofibers can adsorb the anion in water.(3)PVA/BiPO4 composite nanofiber:The BiPO4 were synthetized by hydrothermal synthesis method.The composite nanofiber prepared only by PVA and BiPO4 can photocatalysis degrade organic pollutant in water.The photocatalytic degradation performance of the composite nanofiber prepared by PVA,BiPO4 and MMT or LDHs is superior to that of the composite nanofiber prepared only by PVA and BiPO4.