Research On The Management Of Integrated Ecosystem In Coal Mining Area:Based On Ecological Network Analysis

Coal has placed a significant role on the China’s primary energy production and consumption,coal is the guarantee for the development of the national economy.However,the exploitation and utilization of coal resources have great adverse effects on the natural environment.So this paper takes into account the two requirements: environmental protection and economic development,analyzing the operation mechanism and the whole state of coal mining area from the perspective of integrated ecosystem.Taking the resources,environment and human activities as the core,this paper comprehensively considers all the functional components of the integrated ecosystem in coal mining area,and applies the ecological network theory and analysis method to the field of integrated ecological management in coal mining area,in order to analyze the operating state and operating mechanism of the integrated ecosystem in coal mining area.Therefore,this article has important theoretical and practical significance for the study of integrated ecosystem management in mining area.This paper deeply analyzes the connotations,functions and main contradictions of the integrated ecosystem in coal mining area,discusses its composition,structure and operation process.This paper systematically studies the method of ecological network analysis and the method of emergy analysis,expounds the necessity and superiority of using ecological network analysis method to study the problem of integrated ecosystem management in coal mining area-both human activities and natural environment are taken into consideration.A preliminary framework based on the application of ecological network analysis is put forward,which is suitable for studying the integrated ecosystem of coal mining area.From the perspective of integrated ecosystem,this paper constructs a typical coal mining area ecological network and its analysis model and index system by using the basic principles of emergy analysis and ecological network analysis.The ecological network analysis model includes the Flow analysis model,which is the basis of the quantitative analysis of the ecological network;the Utility Analysis model and the Control Analysis model,which are suitable for analyzing the interaction between components of the system;the Trophic Structure Analysis model,which is suitable for evaluating the overall structure rationality of the system;the Ascendency Analysis model,which is suitable for evaluating the overall running state of the system;and the ecological network index system.The ecological network analysis of Longkou mining area is carried out to analyze the interaction among the resources,environment and human production activities in Shandong province’s Longkou mining area,and the integrated ecosystem of coal mining area is systematically evaluated.The research shows the following problems of integrated ecosystem in Longkou mining area:(1)the system is overly dependent on coal resources;(2)the system structure is unstable,the operation of system takes up too much effective performance of the system;(3)There is a competitive relationship between individual components of the system(washing and oil shale dry distillation;oil shale dry distillation and sewage treatment,thermal power generation;sewage treatment and land recovery,building materials production;land recovery and building materials production).(4)part of the value of solid waste is not effectively utilized.According to the results of the analysis,the corresponding improvement measures or suggestions are put forward as follows:(1)improving the utilization of coal resources and the added value of products;(2)developing the industry which are low in relation to both forward and backward of the coal industry.(3)Strengthening the comprehensive utilization of solid waste(coal gangue)and extend the ecological industry chain.