Spatial-temporal Characteristics Of PM_2.5 And Human Health Risk Assessment In Northeast China

Particulate matter is one of main pollution sources of China,of which PM_2.5.5 has drawn many local oversea researchers’attention because of the characteristics it including small volume,long transmission distance,the lower atmospheric visibility and easiness of causing respiratory system diseases,cardiovascular diseases,even lung cancers,etc.This study aims to find the space-time distribution of PM_2.5.5 in Northeast China,and analyzing its influence on human’s health;meanwhile making an assessment to human health condition of the space-time distribution of PM_2.5,meteorological factors,and socio-economic factors,to provide scientific reference for preventing atmosphere pollution and respiratory diseases in Northeast China.This research was based on PM_2.5and meteorological datum in 2015-2017 obtained by 162 State control monitoring sites of 34 prefecture-level cities and Daxinganling region in Northeast China,researching the space distribution of PM_2.5.5 adopted by Kriging;it is also based on health datum,PM_2.5,meteorological datum and socio-economic datum in October 2016-April 2017 of Northeast China,to analyze the correlation of PM_2.5,meteorological datum and socio-economic datum respectively with health datum by Geographically Weighted Regression,to get the following conclusions:（1）After the analysis of 2015-2017 PM_2.5.5 datum in Northeast China,known PM_2.5concentration distribution of southwest is high,and northeast is low,then,PM_2.5concentration in 2015 is highest in three years,concentration distribution of Liaoning Province is close to Jilin Province’s,and Heilongjiang Province’s is the lowest;The highest concentration of PM_2.5.5 is the winter of 2015 in Jilin Province,and the November concentration reaches the peak,the lowest concentration of PM_2.5.5 is in the summer of2017 in Heilongjiang Province,and the September concentration touches the bottom.According to the National ambient air quality standard（GB3095-2012）,to make an analysis about PM_2.5,temperature,humidity in October 2016 to April 2017 of 34prefecture-level cities in Northeast China,Shenyang,Liaoyuan,Harbin are the exceed standard most seriously cities of Liaoning,Jilin,Heilongjiang Province,respectively,which over standard rate are 39.1%,33.9%,38.2%during these 212 days in heating period.（2）Based on health datum,PM_2.5,meteorological datum and socio-economic datum in October 2016-April 2017 of Northeast China,to analyze the correlation of PM_2.5,meteorological datum and socio-economic datum respectively with health datum,known that there is a great influence between health risk index and PM_2.5,and the accumulate PM_2.5.5 and health risk index has significantly related;meteorological conditions affect the degree of diffusion of PM_2.5,and the increasing of humidity can reduce health risk index;the health risks from population density and second industry are the largest.（3）According to October 2016-June 2017 health datum,PM_2.5.5 datum,meteorological datum,socio-economic datum in Northeast China,using geographically weighted regression model for coupling,then we got an impact assessment about PM_2.5concentrations and human health risk,for universal effect from PM_2.5.5 to health risk index,PM_2.5.5 impacting on the health risks increased gradually from the South to the North with the increase of PM_2.5,however,the influence is different because the region is different,the northwest area is the highest such as industry city,Daqing;other cities which is close to it are high,too;some inland cities such as Harbin which are high;the PM_2.5.5 health risk is minimum of coastal area such as Dalian,and other cities near it are also in low risk.