Study On The Synthesis And Properties Of The Electrode Materials Based On Carbonized Melamine Foam And Its Composite

Energy has always been one of the key issues in the industrial development process.In order to solve the energy storage needs,the research on supercapacitors has attracted more and more attention in recent years.As an efficient new energy storage device,the comprehensive performance of super capacitor quality is closely related to the stand or fall of electrode materials.This article applies melamine foam?MF?as basic material to prepare the electrode materials by means of carbonization and modified method.In addition,the composite electrode materials were prepared by using the nickel nitrate,a kind of pseudo capacitance materials,and various melamine carbon foam to get composites,and their morphology and electrochemical properties were studied.The specific contents are as follows:?1?Under the vacuum condition,we adopt the way of simple heating carbonization processing to achieve carbonized melamine foam.As temperatures rise,the three-dimensional structure of melamine foam gradually destroyed.While the capacitive gradually rise,up to 36.2 F·g^-1,it still can't meet the demand.So instead,nickel nitrate as catalyst by dispersed on the melamine foam internal skeleton.After chemical vapor deposition growth of carbon nanofibers,we get modified melamine carbon foam?MCMF?.Test results show that the carbon nanofibers in supporting the melamine carbon foam,make it have good mechanical strength.Also,the carbon nanofibers provide a large amount of charge transfer channel,make the material has good capacitance(242 F·g^-11 at 1 A·g^-1).?2?The hydrothermal co-precipitation method was used to develop the precursor of NiCo₂O₄?NCO?in melamine foam,and NCO@CMF composite material was obtained after calcination.Different compound products were obtained by changing the solution system of NCO precursor growth.By detecting,methanol system can get NCO nanosheets structure,and its capacitance can reach 1541.2 F·g^-1,While water system can get NCO nanoneedle-like structure,and its specific capacitance is 864.4 F·g^-1.?3?To obtain better materials,the NCO@MCMF material was prepared by using the MCMF and NCO.The specific surface area of the composite material can reach 228 m²·g^-1,and the pore volume is 0.588 cc·g^-1.Electrochemical tests showed that the electrode has a great improvement in electrochemical capacitance,including high specific capacitance(1541.2 F·g^-1 at 1 A·g^-1),excellent rate capability and cycling stability(84%capacitance retention after 10000 cycles at 10 A·g^-1).?4?Besides,NCO@MCMF//MCMF asymmetric supercapacitor was fabricated to evaluate the practical application.Its specific capacitance can reach 138.4 F·g^-11 and the energy density of NCO@MCMF//MCMF was 53.1 Wh·kg^-1 at a power density of 900W·kg^-1.Even at the power density of 18000 W·kg^-1,the energy density can remain at 35.1Wh·kg^-1.Excellent cycle stability can reach up to 88%retention after 10000charge-discharge cycles at a constant current density of 5 A·g^-1.