Research On Automatic Identification Of Building Engineering Hazard Based On BIM

In the field of construction engineering,the identification,evaluation and management of hazards always focus on safety work.The inadequate management of hazards will not only lead to the occurrence of serious accidents,property damage and casualties but also have effect on achieving the goal of the entire construction.The occurrence of danger is unavoidable during construction,but the source of danger is controllable.How to control and manage the hazards in advance is the key to avoiding accidents.This requires an accurate identification of hazards.The emergence of BIM technology produces a new method which can recognize the sources of danger.This paper realizes the automatic identification of hazard source of construction projects according to the BIM technology.The main research contents include:1)Analyze and summarize BIM technology through literature review as well as the identification,evaluation and management methods of the hazard source.The safety management of architectural engineering in China is backward,therefore,this paper focus on the global literature and cases of BIM technology which will improve the safety management level of architectural engineering in China.2)Based on the theoretical analysis of the triggering mechanism of hazards,this paper analyzes the types and causes of various types of safety accidents in the field of architectural engineering.The current construction safety code is used as knowledge material.According to the type of accident,the hazard source list of the construction project will be established.The relationship among the type of accident,the subject of the accident,and the conditions of the hazard source will also be clarified.The risk source of the inventory is quantitatively evaluated by the LEC hazard assessment method.3)In order to transform the danger source into safety rules,this paper mainly discuss following four parts.First,this paper provides the concept of safety rules.Second,this paper transforms the unstructured danger sources list into structured safety language by using the knowledge engineering methods.Third,this paper designs structured repository of safety rules by making use of SQL Server.Moreover,there exist logical relationship among those repositories.Finally,the dangerous source inventory information sorted out by the current construction specifications which is stored in the repositories based on the structure of each table.4)This paper analyzes the operating mechanism of safety rules.Meanwhile,in order to combine the BIM model and safety rules repositories effectively,this paper uses the mapping relation between the BIM model and danger sources based on the subject in accident.Furthermore,this paper designs automatic hazard identification mechanism for the architectural engineering based on the BIM.Take the "hole" of the accident subject of high crash accident as an example to analyze the feedback method of the safety rules inspection process steps and inspection results.Navisworks is selected as a feedback platform to ensure the realization of results’ visualization.5)This paper lightweight treats the safety model which can recognize the danger sources lightly based on the lightweight concept of the BIM model.That will have more benefit on managing the danger source of architectural engineering.