| Urbanization refers the process that the traditional agricultural society change into the non-agricultural industrial society which include the second and the third industries with the development of the social productivity,the progress of the technology,and the adjustment of industrial structure in an area.According to the theory of urbanized evolutionary process,urbanization in China is at a stage of rapid development.Urbanization has become an important engine of regional economic growth,which has attracted wide attention from the scholars at home and abroad.However,the development of the industrialization and urbanization has also brought with it a series of urban problems such as traffic congestion,the increasing pressure on employment and housing,unbalance of ecological environment,the reducing ability of urban security and anti-risk.Chongqing is the national center city and the economical center of the upper part of the Yangtze River.The natural conditions and the degree of policy tilt have a big difference within the region.As a result,the development level of urbanization in each district is unbalance.What's more,the ecological conservation area in the northeastern Chongqing is close contact with the ecological safety of Yangtze valley.Also,it's difficult for Chongqing to build a well-off society in an all-round way.Therefore,it's necessary to optimize the development of urbanization in the northeast Chongqing.Based on the researches related to urbanization development,this paper analyzes the current situation of urbanization in northeastern Chongqing,take the urban functional core and expansion area in Chongqing and 20 ecological conservation development areas in northeastern Chongqing as the investigative object.The panel data of 2007-2016 was selected.It has been verified that variable intercept fixed effect model is a panel regression model of traditional urbanization evaluative factor analysis from the five aspects of industrial structure,administrative power,the level of social development,the level of economic growth,and the level opening to the outside world.The level of urbanization in the sample districts has been used as the explanatory variables.Also,the proportion of non-agricultural industries,the gap in urban-rural income,regional GDP,the public budget expenditure,the total investment in social fixed asset,and the value in import and export,the proportion of GDP are explanatoryvariables which were respectively used to represents the industrial structure,the level of social development,the level of economic growth,the administrative power,and the level of opening to the outside world.Then,the factors of traditional urbanization evaluation were empirically analyzes.Secondly,starting from the connotation of optimizing urbanization in northeastern Chongqing,the evaluation index system for optimizing urbanization in northeastern Chongqing was built in following four aspects include the quality of economic development,the efficiency of urbanization,the social development,and the quality of ecological environment.The entropy method was used to calculate the weights of the urbanization-optimized development index system.And the score of urban functional core areas,expansion areas and ecological conservation development areas in northeastern Chongqing was obtained.The analysis has been done in economic development subsystems,urbanization efficiency subsystems,social development subsystems,and ecological environment subsystems.Finally,a comparative analysis is made between the analysis of the evaluative factors of traditional urbanization and the total evaluation of optimized urbanization.The theoretical system of optimized urbanization in Northeast Chongqing is verified,and the path in future is also proposed.The main conclusions in this paper are as follows:(1)In the analysis of traditional urbanization evaluative factors,the level of urbanization evaluation impact has the following effects: industrial structure,the level of economic development,administrative power,social development and the level of opening-up,which indicating that economic is the key factors that influence traditional urbanization.(2)The individual fixed effects of 20 sample districts and counties from 2007-2016 are significantly different.(3)According to the results of comprehensive evaluation of urban development in 20 districts,the scores of the core functional areas and the extended areas,and the ecological conservation areas in the northeastern Chongqing showed a steady upward trend.The levels of urbanization we ere increased significantly.The total scores in the subsystem of economic development,the urbanization efficiency,the social development,and the ecological environment development have improved.(4)In the subsystem of economic development,the urbanization efficiency,and the social development,the score of the core functional areas and the expanded areas are higher than that in the ecological conservation areas,but in subsystem of ecological environment,the scores in the ecological conservation area is higher than that in the functional core area and expansion area.(5)The proportion of ecol-environmental subsystems is increasing,and it is more in line with the functional orientation of urbanization in northeastern Chongqing.The development of urbanization has shifted from the “number” to “quality”,which is focusing more on the development ofeconomic,society and ecology.Based on the above research and conclusions,this paper put forward the following measures:(1)Design strategies and ideas for optimizing urbanization in the northeast Chongqing;(2)Establish the mechanisms on the ecological compensation to meet the valuable exchange in ecological capital.(3)To build an ecological industrial area in the northeastern Chongqing to achieve the efficient operation of the ecological economy.(4)Strengthen the level of the ecological development in poverty alleviation and get out of poverty.(5)Break through the restrictions of administrative regions,establish a reasonable urban system,and promote the development both in the urban and rural. |
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