Analysis On Evacuation At Super-high-rise Architectural Construction Sites In Earthquake-prone Area

The construction site of super-high-rise often has the characteristics of space limitation,long time exposure,complex construction and dynamic construction,which makes this kind of special environment more dangerous.In recent years,the damage caused by earthquake disasters to human society is incalculable,and its damage to the construction site is even greater,and the frequency of safety accidents at construction sites is high.With the superposition of various risk factors,the evacuation of workers at construction site is very challenging.At present,the research on safety evacuation is still no more in-depth than the use stage of the construction life cycle,and the background of escape is nearly fire disaster.The existing software of evacuation simulation cannot simulate the impact of earthquake disaster and construction site environment on the evacuation process.Therefore,based on the tower project of Xishan Wanda Plaza in Kunming,the paper made a research on evacuation simulation parameters of the special environment through questionnaire survey,field test,theoretical analysis and numerical simulation,and established a guiding platform of evacuation simulation to help with simulation analysis.The main research work and results are as follows:(1)Analysis of evacuation environment and individual particularity.The paper summarized the environment particularities caused by height of building,construction site and earthquake disaster,making identification of possible evacuation hazards.And the physiological and psychological characteristics of the construction workers were analyzed by questionnaire survey,which provides a theoretical basis for the study of evacuation simulation parameters.(2)Mathematical analysis of evacuation simulation parameters.Based on the particularity of environment,this paper made mathematical analysis on the necessary parameters in common software of evacuation simulation,including individual size,safe,evacuation speed,evacuation path,obstacles,etc.The best evacuation distance of the shortest evacuation time was about 0.6~1.0m based on the mathematical modeling of Matlab;evacuation speed formula or correction coefficient calculation formulas affected by stair plane,emergency,construction site and earthquake were deduced based on Predtechenskii & Milinskii formula,specification for seismic design of buildings and test data;The evaluation method of LEC was modified based on expert scoring and the methods to calculate the risk coefficient evaluation and safe distance were put forward.(3)Design of a safety evacuation guidance system for earthquaked construction.On the basis of the mathematical analysis and visual interface design method,the paper used Matlab GUI to establish a safety evacuation guidance system for earthquaked construction which can offer target parameters with one key operation,named "Evacuation Simulation Assistant of Earthquaked Construction(ESAEC).The platform provided function parts of information browsing and parameters guiding,which improved the efficiency of parameter analysis and the accuracy of evacuation simulation.(4)Simulation and analysis of evacuation.Taking the tower project of Xishan Wanda plaza as an example,the paper built an evacuation model,and used ESAEC to calculate the relevant parameters.In addition,the paper made simulation analysis of evacuation process in different construction scenarios by Pathfinder.The results showed that labour deployment,construction layout and safety management level made a great influence on efficiency and safety of evacation.Thus,optimization suggestions were put forward for reference by construction units.Finally,the paper summarized the research results,and proposed the future research direction and content for the shortcomings.