| Cultivated land resources have multi-function,it not only provides the necessary material basis for the healthy life and development of human beings,but also has a variety of ecosystem services,such as improving climate,purifying air and conserving water.Due to the speeding up of urbanization and the rapid development of industry,the reduction in the amount of cultivated land is unavoidable,and protecting cultivated land resources becomes even more urgent.In order to solve the problem of grain security and shortage of arable land,the state has implemented a strict balance of cultivated land compensation system.At the beginning of policy implementation,the ecological factors of cultivated land were not taken into account.However,with the development of the times,the party and the country have paid more attention to the quality and ecological protection of cultivated land.Under the premise that the current cultivated land meets the balance of both quantity and quality,the situation of ecological benefits can not be known,and considering the complexity of the ecological quantification method,it has not formed a unified standard,now from the quality of cultivated land,we begin to explore a method of ecological balanced measurement.This paper takes the cultivated land of Lulong County in Hebei Province as the research object,collecting the data of meteorology,soil,vegetation,remote sensing and so on,using geographic information technology to process it.Based on the revision of previous research results,this paper constructs a set of ecological quantification method conforming to the cultivated land,and estimates the quality of the ecosystem services,and combined with the analysis of the quality of cultivated land in the region.By means of mathematical model to explore the relationship between the cultivated land use index,standard grain production,and the material quality of ecological services,in order to obtain the ecological quality from the quality of cultivated land,and using this relationship to calculate and analyze the ecology of the typical project area during the cultivated land occupation and compensation.The main content of research and conclusions are as follows:(1)The influence of the utilization rank of farmland plots and the types of crops on ecosystem services of cultivated land are clarified.Taking farmland plots as accounting units and combining field investigation and laboratory data to quantify the amount of food production,gas regulation,soil nutrient cycling,soil preservation and water conservation of the five ecosystem services of farmland ecosystem,analysis of the utilization of different countries,and the change of the material quality of the ecosystem services of the cultivated land under different cropping crop types.The results showed that the amount of ecological services provided by different types of crops planted under arable land with grade quality conditions in the same country was different.Gas regulation of crops under the same utilization level:corn> rice> sweet potato,and the Gas Regulation service of corn and rice is obviously higher than that of sweet potato,and the quality of gas regulating services of the cultivated corn cultivated with the same area under the same grade is about twice that of planting sweet potato.However,soil nutrient cycling,soil conservation and water conservation services are influenced by many factors,even under the same utilization level,the size of the service can not be judged according to the crop species.The same crops increased with the national utilization level and the quality of cultivated land decreased,its food production,gas regulation,nutrient cycling and water conservation capacity all declined,while the soil conservation was improved.(2)The relationship between the national utilization index of cultivated land and each ecosystem services are established.SPSS software was used to analyze the correlation between the cultivated land plots of the unit area food production service and the material quality of each unit of gas regulation,nutrient cycling,soil conservation,and water conservation service.The results show that the correlation between gas regulation service and food production service is the strongest,the correlation coefficient is 0.861;soil nutrient cycling service is second,and the correlation between water conservation service and food production service is the weakest,the correlation coefficient is 0.595.From the correlation coefficient of the size can be seen,gas regulation> nutrient cycling> soil conservation>water conservation.The material quality unit area of gas regulation,nutrient cycling and water conservation service is positively related to the material quantity of the food production service unit area,while the material quality of the soil conservation service unit area is negatively related to the material quantity of the food production service unit area.And on the basis of the correlation size analysis,the functional relation between food production and gas regulation,nutrient cycling,soil conservation and water conservation was fitted.Through the grain production,the functional model of "Utilization index-standard grain yield-ecological service " was constructed.(3)The ecological profit and loss before and after cultivated land requisition-compensation is measured.Taking the typical project of cultivated land occupation of Lulong County in Hebei Province as an example,an empirical study was conducted.Based on the mathematical model of he national use index of cultivated land and the ecological service,the ecological profit and loss situation between the new added cultivated land and the cultivated land occupied was measured.Under the condition that the amount of cultivated land is not reduced and the quality does not decrease.Except for gains in soil conservation service,all other ecosystem service were lost in project one;In project two,food production,gas regulation,and water conservation service gain ground,soil nutrient cycling and soil conservation service result in losses.But the material quantity change index of soil conservation service ecosystem is-0.37,the loss is most serious;In project three,gas regulation and water conservation service cause losses,while nutrient cycling and soil maintenance service gain ground,the material quality change index of the food production service is 0,neither gain nor loss.In order to improve the ecological benefit of cultivated land and protect the ecological balance in the process of compensation,the effects of the quality utilization of cultivated land and different cropping types on the ecological balance of cultivated land should be taken into account in the future,and take targeted project repair measures in areas which have caused ecological losses.In conclusion,this research based on exploring the relationship between index of arable land utilization and various ecosystem services,simplified the process of quantifying cultivated land ecosystem services,deepened understanding of the cultivated land ecosystem,at the same time,it provides scientific theoretical guidance for maintaining the ecological balance of regional cultivated land systems. |
PDF Full Text Request