Research On The Desensitivity Of 5-ATN By Surface Coating

Energetic ionic salts,as a new type of energetic materials,has recently attracted enough attention so far with the development ionic liquid due to the fact that they have lower vapor pressure,better thermal stability and more eco-friendly performance compared with molecular analogues.5-amino tetrazolium nitrate(5-ATN)is a typical kind of energetic ionic salts which has excellent detonation performance,low cost,simple synthesis route and large scale synthesis,which makes it possible to have a good application.However,its application was limited due to the high sensitivity caused by the existence of nitrate in 5-ATN.In order to ensure its process of production,transportation,storage and using of thermal stability,the technology to reduce the mechanical sensitivity by coating meyhod was studied in this article.Firstly,the synthesis process of 5-ATN was discussed and it was prepared by 5-AT.The effect of nitric acid dosage,reaction time and reaction temperature on the synthesis of 5-ATN was investigated and the optimal synthetic process was obtained:the resulting product was prepared by reacting 5g 5-AT·H2O with 15 mL concentrated nitric acid(65%)in the 20? for about 15 min and the yield is up to 92.6%.Secondly,the compatibility of 5-ATN with other materials was investigated,which was used for the selection of coating materials and for its application in composite energetic materials.The compatibility of 5-ATN with energetic materials(HMX,CL-20,TATB,LLM-105,HTPB,Mg(BH4)2,DNT,AP,KP and B)and non-energetic materials(F2604-2,DOS,PVAC and SA)was discussed by DSC method.It was found that energetic materials,HMX,CL-20,TATB,LLM-105,HTPB and Mg(BH4)2,and non-energetic materials,F2604-2,PVAC and SA exhibit good compatibility with 5-ATN.However,the compatibility of DNT and DOS with 5-ATN is poor.Besides,the binary components of AP,KP and B with 5-ATN belong to the sensitive system,which was not adopted.Then,PVAC and S A were used as coatings according to the results of compatibility study.Three different kind of materials including 2%PVAC,1%SA+1%PVAC and 2%SA were used to coat the 5-ATN through water suspension method,and the safety performance of the coated 5-ATN including thermal stability and mechanical sensitivity was studied.The samples were characterized by SEM,XPS and XRD,and the results showed that they had good coating performance.The thermal stability of 5-ATN and the coated 5-ATN were measured by DSC under certain heating condition.The results showed that the adding of coatings had no influences on the initial exothermic temperature of 5-ATN.Finally,the mechanical sensitivity of 5-ATN and the coated 5-ATN was tested by Impact Sensitivity Meter and two different Friction Sensitivity Meter.It was found that the mechanical sensitivity of 5-ATN was decreased significantly after the coating of 5-ATN with 2%PVAC and 2%SA,respectively.However,there was no obvious change for 1%PVAC+1%SA.The mechanical sensitivity was decreased after coating with the following order:2%PVAC>2%SA>1%SA+1%PVAC.