Study On Composite Water-soluble Polymeric Dust Suppression

As one of the major air pollution dust pollution has a great impact on people's health while affecting air quality.Therefore,the research and development of dust pollution control has been paid much attention.A series of dust suppression methods have been developed for different dust pollution conditions and actual needs.Chemical dust suppression is one of the most effective methods.Composite dust suppressant agent can play an excellent dust suppression effect on gravel pavement,bulk material yard,open pit mining area and other places.The preparation process of composite dust suppressant is simple and has a certain industrial application prospect.In this paper,a kind of environmentally composite dust suppression with excellent dust suppression performance is prepared.The process of the dust suppression is simple and has a certain industrial application prospect.The starch-grafted acrylic polymer product was used as the base material compounded with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose?CMC-Na?and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose?HPMC?.The prepared dust suppression can form a certain strength adhesive layer on the surface of the stacked materials after spraying,which has good moisture absorption,water retention and wind resistance,and can satisfy the dust suppression requirements in various places.The effects of gelatinization temperature,reaction temperature,mass ratio,H₂O₂concentration,the amount of CMC-Na,and the amount of HPMC on the effect of dust suppression agent were explored by single factor and orthogonal experiments,and various of process conditions were optimized.XRD,SEM,FT-IR and other methods were used to detected and characterized the dust suppressants prepared under optimal conditions.At the same time,the comprehensive performance tests of the dust suppressants prepared under the optimal conditions.The optimum process conditions obtained by single-factor experiments are:gelatinization temperature 75°C,reaction temperature 65°C,monomer ratio 1:3,hydrogen peroxide concentration 2.0 mol/L,CMC-Na 0.35 g,HPMC 0.18 g.The optimum process conditions obtained by orthogonal experiment are gelatinization temperature 85°C,reaction temperature 80°C,monomer ratio 1:2,hydrogen peroxide concentration 2.5 mol/L,CMC-Na 0.35 g,HPMC 0.18 g.We can know that the gelatinized starch appeared amorphous to facilitate the subsequent grafting reaction from the XRD analysis of the gelatinized starch.The FT-IR analysis of the dust suppression shows characteristic peaks of functional groups of starch,carbonyl,and carboxyl groups appeared in the spectrum,which proved that the grafting reaction occurred.The C-O structure absorption peak and methylene absorption peak appearing in the spectrum at the same time indicate that CMC-Na reacts with HPMC and the starch grafted acrylic acid product to a certain extent.It is observed that the appearance characteristics of the dust suppression coated on the surface of the glass and the surface of the layer formed after spraying the dust suppression on sand mould by SEM,it shows that dust suppression agent fill up the gap between the sand grains of the sand mold and bind the sand grains together into a solidified layer by self-adhesion to form a tight protective layer structure.Detected each performance of dust suppressants prepared under optimum process conditions,the results shows that viscosity of dust suppression is 826 mPa·s,and the water retention rate is 59.2%after 10%dust suppression is sprayed for 20 hours;the consolidated layer strength of sand mold surface is 6.42 HA after 60 hours;the loss rate is only 5.1%after 1 h of continuous air blow at 15 m/s wind speed.After the dust suppression is sprayed,the tightly consolidated layer formed by the adhesion between the sand particles has strong compressive and wind-resistant strength,can resist wind erosion,bumps and other environments,and has good water retention properties.The thermogravimetric analysis shows that in the range of ambient temperature,there is no obvious that weightlessness of the dust suppression agent.The weight loss rate of the dust suppression 100°C is only 5‰and the thermal stability is good.The dust suppression has simple preparation process,mild process conditions,no high temperature and high pressure process,no toxic or environmentally harmful substances,and environment friendly.