| Jinhuakui is known as the giant panda of the plant kingdom and belongs to the Okra herb family of the Malvaceae family.Jinhuakui is rich in polysaccharides,proteins,essential amino acids and trace elements.It is extremely rich in nutrition and also it has dual purposes of medicines and foods.The immune regulation of natural macromolecular compounds of plant polysaccharides in Jinhuakui is significant,it has biological activities,such as anti-oxidation and anti-aging,and was of great development value.Jinhuakui as the research sample,its selenium-enriched mechanism and selenium polysaccharides have been studied in this paper,the results of the study are as follows:(1)The conditions for the determination of selenium content by atomic fluorescence spectrometry were optimized.The optimal conditions for the determination of selenium were as follows:the lamp current 40 mA;negative high pressure 280v;carrier hydrochloric acid concentration 5.0%;atomization temperature 200°C;sodium borohydride concentration 1.0%;shielding gas flow rate 600mL/min;Carrier gas flow rate 300mL/min.(2)The following results have been found after analysis the selenium content in soils and organs of Jinhuakui in Ziyang area:the effective selenium in the soil of Jinhuakui accounted for 58.06%of the total selenium in the soil,the existing form of selenium was mainly in the organic bound state,followed by the acid-soluble state;the three organs with the strongest selenium-enrichment ability were the seeds,buds and stalks of Jinhuakui,the seeds of Jinhuakui was the best organ which had the richest selenium among the three of them;the organic selenium content in Jinhuakui seeds was 97.04%of the total selenium content in seeds,we also found that the forms of organic selenium were mainly in selenium polysaccharide and selenoprotein,and the selenium content accounted for 24.23%and 51.37%of the organic selenium content.(3)The results of determination of the basic components in Jinhuakui seeds were 18.55%of fat,21.73%of crude protein,13.69%of crude polysaccharide,5.27%of water,and 8.27%of ash.(4)The response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction process of selenium polysaccharides from the Jinhuakui seeds.It was found that the extraction time,extraction temperature and ratio of liquid to feed had a decreasing effect on the yield of polysaccharides from Jinhuakui seeds,The optimum process parameters for polysaccharide extraction from Jinhuakui seeds were as follows:extraction time was 3.3 hours,extraction temperature was 71°C and the liquid to material ratio was 31:1(mL:g),the yield of selenium polysaccharide reached 13.58%under this condition;The three selenium polysaccharide components of OGP-1,OGP-2,and OGP-3 were obtained after the separation of Jinhuakui selenium polysaccharide from DEAE-52 cellulose column,the Se-OGP-2 and Se-OGP-3 of Jinhuakui selenium polysaccharide were obtained by further purified the relatively high levels of OGP-2 and OGP-3from Glucan G-100 gel column;and also the result showed that the selenium content of the selenium polysaccharide was determined to be 1.735mg/kg,indicating that the polysaccharide of the Jinhuakui seeds was selenium polysaccharide.(5)The chemical structure and physicochemical properties of Se-OGP-2and Se-OGP-3 were studied by GPC,UV,IR and HPLC,The test results showed that the two components were shown as a single peak,The molecular weight of Se-OGP-2 was 1.29×10~4 Da,The molecular weight of Se-OGP-3 was 1.07×10~4Da;UV spectra showed that the two components were all pure products of Jinhuakui seeds selenium polysaaccharide;The IR spectrum showed that the two components contained the characteristic absorption peaks of Polysaccharides;HPLC results showed that Se-OGP-2 contained 4 monosaccharide components,The molar ratio of Man,Glc,Gal,Ara was 1:0.06:10.73:7.98,the content of Gal was 53.12%,followed by Ara was 39.49%,it had shown that the composition was relatively single.Se-OGP-3 consisted of 5 kinds of monosaccharides,The molar ratio of Man,Rham,Glc,Gal,Ara was 0.83:1:0.14:3.50:1.32,the content of Gal was 50.55%,followed by Ara was 19.10%,the next was Rham,which was14.44%.(6)After the study on the determination of antioxidant activity of selenium polysaccharides from seeds of the Jinhuakui,Using Vc as a control experiment,we found that the clearance rate of free radical of DPPH reached 78.96%when the concentration of selenium polysaccharide was 10.15 mg/mL;the clearance rate of free radical of superoxide anion reached 71.32%when the concentration was 4.15 mg/mL;the clearance rate of free radical of hydroxyl reached 92.95%when the concentration was 10.15 mg/mL;the reducing ability increased of Jinhuakui seeds selenium polysaccharides with the increasing of concentration at the concentration of 0.2-1.0 mg/mL,and the reducing ability reached the maximum at the maximum concentration of 1.0 mg/mL.Therefore,the research showed that Jinhuakui seeds Selenium Polysaccharides had stronger antioxidant activity. |
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