| Part ?.Current Situation of Environmental Health RiskCommunication From Perspective of StakeholdersObjective:Environmental health risk communication is a complex two-way information exchange activity in which multi-stakeholders are involved.This;study aims to explore the current situation of environmental health risk communication and information demands from the perspective of stakeholders in Jiangsu Province,and to provide evidence for the formulation of environmental health risk communication process and risk management strategies.Methods:We used a qualitative study design.A personal in-depth interview was conducted in Yangzhong,Jiangsu Province.We interviewed four groups of residents from the perspective of stakeholders.Study subjects included government and environmental protection staff(7 persons),media practitioners(7 persons),local residents(7 persons)and enterprise employees(2 persons).The contents of interview covered the sources of risk information,the degree of trust for information sources,information dissemination,the effectiveness of risk communication,and suggestions for improving environmental health risk communication.After the interview,the recording and textual data were collated,proofread,coded,and classified.We used the content analysis to summarize the findings.The research team discussed and formed the final results.Results:Most of the respondents' cognition of environmental risks comes from the subjective experience formed by their own experiences.The environmental health risk information is in great demand and people intend to disseminate the risk information spontaneously.The residents believe that there is a lack of local environmental health risk communication,and the government does little to help the situation.The government and environmental protection departments believe that the risk information sources are widespread.However,the information released is limited,and information dissemination tends to be biased and focuses on guiding positive public opinion.Traditional media mainly participate in environmental health risk communication in two forms(positive publicity and negative reporting).New media play more important roles in environmental health risk communication.Companies are lacking in awareness and motivation of environment health risk communication.Conclusion:Lack of communication mechanism and awareness of environmental health risks leads to insufficient participation of various stakeholders.Attention should be paid to environmental health risk communication and environmental literacy improvement.The government should play the core role in environmental health risk communication and establish an environmental health communication system based on grassroots self-government organization.Part ?.The compilation of environmental health riskinformation demand scaleObjective:This study aims to develop an environmental health risk information demands assessment scale for Chinese residents and to evaluate its reliability and validity.Methods:Through the literature review,qualitative interviews and expert discussions,we designed an initial scale using the 5-point Likert self rating scale.A convenience sampling method was used to collect 261 respondents in Yangzhong,Jiangsu Province.Correlation coefficient method and principal component analysis were used to analyze the data.After the preliminary analysis,we revised the questionnaire to constructed the"Environmental Health Risk Information Demand Scale".The revised scale was used to carry out the formal investigation.The study area was extended to Yangzhong city and Haizhou District of Lianyungang city and a total of 810 subjects were included.After merging the two survey data,there were 1071 respondents.The reliability was evaluated using split-half reliability and internal consistency coefficient.The principal component analysis was used to evaluate the validity of the scale.Results:The preliminary questionnaire consisted of 24 items.The correlation coefficients between each item's score and total score raged from 0.46 to 0.70,with statistical significance(P<0.05),indicating good correlation between single item's score and total score.Thus we kept all items to construct the formal scale.The principal component analysis retained three factors and the cumulative variance interpretation rate was 54.40%.After rotation,there were 3 items whose factor load was less than 0.6.After deletion of three items,the "Environmental Health Risk Information Demand Scale",including 21 items,was obtained for formal investigation.The two databases of the pre-survey and the formal investigation were combined to analyze the common entries(21 items).The average age was 47.08±14.92 years,of which 519 were men(48.46%),and 866 were rural households(80.86%).Reliability analysis showed that the Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.95 and the split half reliability was 0.88,indicating a good reliability of the scale.The principal component analysis was used to carry out exploratory factor analysis.Three factor had a characteristic value greater than 1 and the three components accounted for 64.62%of total variation.After the variance maximized orthogonal rotation,all item factor loads were greater than 0.6,and the validity was excellent.Conclusion:The "Environmental Health Risk Information Demand Scale" has excellent reliability and validity,which is a suitable for the study of residents'environmental health risk information demands.Part ?.Residents' environmental health risk information demand researchPurpose:This study aims to investigate the residents' demands for environmental health risk information and' to explore the potential influencing factors.Methods:A cross-sectional design was conducted in Yangzhong and Haizhou district of Lianyungang in Jiangsu Province.Permanent residents aged between 18 and 75 years were conveniently sampled from four towns.A questionnaire survey was conducted and the "Environmental Health Risk Information Demand Scale" was used to investigate the demands of environmental health risk information and related factors.Results:A total of 1701 valid questionnaires were received,including 519 males(48.46%).The average age was 47.08± 14.92 years.The median(interquartile range)of general environmental health risk information demand score,"Not In My Backyard"(NIMBY)facilities environmental risk information demand score,emergencies environmental health risk information demand score and the total environmental health risk information demand score were 37(33-40),32(29-35),29(26-30)and 98(89-104),respectively.The proportion of high demand was 86.74%,82.63%,90.38%and 86.18%,respectively.Multivariate analysis showed that education background(for subjects with college degree or above,aOR=2.03;95%CI:1.26-3.26)and knowledge level of environmental health risk(for subjects with low knowledge,aOR = 1.37;95%CI:1.03-1.82)affected environmental health risk information demand.The education background(for subjects with college degree or above,aOR=1.77;95%CI:1.11-1.81)is related to the general environmental health risk information demand.The previous experience of environmental risk affecting health(aOR=1.48;95%CI:1.17-1.88)is related to the NIMBY facilities environmental health risk information demand.Conclusion:The demand for environmental health risks information of Jiangsu residents is generally strong,and residents attach great importance to the potential health threats from environmental risk.Education level,environmental health risk knowledge level and previous experience are potential factors of environmental health risk information demand. |
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