| Gold tailings are a kind of solid wastes generated from the process of gold ores dressing or extraction treatment.As the accumulated amount of gold tailing increases,they not only occupy the land resources,pollute the environment,but also have a huge risk of security which makes the utilization of gold tailings urgent.Preparing ceramic materials from gold tailings can achieve the harmless treatment of tailings,and promote the development of the national economy.It makes great economic and social benefits,and has a broad application prospect.The process of preparing high grade ceramic tile materials with gold tailings from one of reservoirs in Zhaoyuan was optimized and the performance of ceramic tile samples prepared by separated concentrates as a substitute for feldspar was studied in this paper.In order to make full use of the gold tailings,the technology of using remaining tailings to prepare light-weight and high-strength ceramsites was further studied.Properties of gold tailings and other raw materials were tested by SEM,XRD,et al.Their chemical composition,mineral composition and particle size distribution were analyzed.The main chemical components of gold tailings are Si O2 and Al2O3.Gold tailings are finely granulated and can be used as raw materials to prepare ceramsites.The main minerals of gold tailing are feldspar,quartz,which can be used to prepare raw materials as feldspar substitute in ceramic tiles.Ceramic materials were prepared by ball milling,weak magnetic separation and high gradient magnetic separation.The influence of grinding time on gold tailings size and the effect of weak magnetic field intensity on iron removal of gold tailings were studied.Effects of magnetic field intensity,magnetic separation times and pulse intensity on the yield and iron content of non-magnetic concentrates were studied by orthogonal experiment.The optimal conditions are determined: 120 minutes for ball grinding time,0.2 T for magnetic separation once,1.6 T for magnetic separation three times and 100 for pulse intensity.The nonmagnetic concentrates with yield of 58.9% and iron content of 0.22% were separated by this process.Ceramic samples were prepared with nonmagnetic concentrates as main raw materials with kaolin and bentonite as additives.Their physical and mechanical properties were tested,and their mineral composition was also analyzed.The results show that the performance of ceramic samples added 45% and 50% concentrates meet GB/T4100-2006 for ceramic tile performance.XRD results show that mullite phase is produced in ceramic samples,which is explanation the improvement of ceramic sample strength.On this basis,the magnifying experiment was carried out,and the separation concentrates were commissioned by the ceramic tile manufacturer for trial production.Analysis and test of the ceramic tiles properties was carried out and the results show that the separation concentrates can be used as raw materials for ceramic tile.Light-weight and high-strength ceramsites were prepared with remaining gold tailings as main raw materials,bentonite and pulverized coal as additives.The optimal conditions are as follows: gold tailing: bentonite= 7:3,addition of pulverized coal 3%,water consumption 35%,preheating temperature 400 ℃,preheating time 30 min,calcining temperature 1100 ℃ and calcination time 50 min.The properties of prepared ceramsites are as follows: the bulk density 803kg·m-3,the apparent density 1795 kg·m-3,the water absorption rate 0.24%,the particle strength 16.59 MPa,which conforms to the performance requirements of GB/T17431.1-2010 for the light-weight aggregates. |
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