| ObjectiveBased on the impact of acute exposure of air pollutants in Shenyang on the non-specific bronchitis death data of the population,the impact of atmospheric PM2.5 on respiratory microbiota in rats was explored to further verify that atmospheric pollutants may cause respiratory tract dysbacteriosis and may lead to bronchitis the occurrence and development process of inflammation provides a scientific reference for the control of air pollution and the control of respiratory diseases.Methods(1)Using the Poisson generalized additive regression model to analyze and evaluate air pollution in Shenyang by collecting atmospheric pollutants,weather data,and non-specific bronchitis daily deaths from January 1,2013 to December 31,2013 in Shenyang.The lagging influence and correlation of the pollution characteristics of non-specific bronchitis daily deaths.(2)PM2.5 turbid liquid was collected to simulate PM2.5 dust model of Wistar rats.The dust was divided into experimental group and control group.Dust was collected for 1 week,2 weeks,3 weeks,and 4 weeks.Rat pharyngeal swab samples were collected and used.16SrRNA gene high-throughput sequencing yielded respiratory taxa operational taxon(OTU)and Alpha diversity information in experimental and control groups.The predominant bacteria in the respiratory tract were compared between the experimental group and the control group to evaluate the dominant bacteria in the respiratory tract.Excessive association with non-specific bronchitis in population respiratory diseases.Results(1)During the period from January 1,2013 to December 31,2015 in Shenyang,the annual average concentrations of atmospheric pollutants PM10,PM2 5,SO2,and NO2 exceeded the national secondary standards,and the average annual concentrations were 120.3 ?g/m3,73.6?g/m3,79.2 ?g/m3 and 47.6?g/m3,the daily average'concentration exceedance rates were 25.6%,34.7%,17.4%and 5.9%,respectively.The monthly minimum concentrations of PM10,PM2.5,SO2,and NO2 all appeared in summer,with the highest concentration in winter,and the concentration in heating period was higher than that in non-heating period,and the seasonal variation of NO2 concentration was the smallest.The total number of non-accident non-specific bronchitis deaths in Shenyang from 2013 to 2015 was 133,of which 66 were male deaths and 67 were female deaths;119 were over 65 years old and 14 were below 65 years old.Air pollutants(PM10,PM2.5,SO2,and NO2)have a strong correlation with meteorological factors(temperature,wind speed,air pressure,and humidity).The daily deaths of non-specific bronchitis in the air pollutants were higher than those in men(P<0.05).The daily deaths of non-specific bronchitis in the air pollutants over 65 years old were higher than 65.The results were statistically significant(P<0.05).The number of non-specific bronchitis deaths during the heating period increased significantly compared with those in the non-heating period.The results were statistically significant(P<0.05).The RR(95%CI)values for PM10,PM2 5,SO2,and NO2 concentrations for non-specific bronchitis in the single-contaminant model were 1.05(1.02 to 1.07),1.07(1.03 to 1.10),and 1.07(1.03 to 1.12),respectively.)and 1.27(1.11?1.44).Under the multi-pollution model,the RR(95%CI)of PM10 and PM2.5 pollutant concentrations on non-specific bronchitis after daily adjustment of NO2 or SO2 pollutants was 1.25(1.10 to 1.42)and 1.24(1.09-1.42)or 1.07(1.02 to 1.11)and 1.06(1.02 to 1.10),both statistically significant.The RR(95%Cl)of PM10 and PM2.5 pollutant concentrations on the non-specific bronchitis daily deaths after adjustment of two pollutants of SO2 +and NO2 was 1.04(1.01 to 1.07)and 1.06(1.02 to 1.10)and both Statistical significance.(2)High-throughput sequencing analysis of 16SrRNA gene revealed 514 OTUs.The abundance of respiratory flora in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).At the level of the phylum,the most predominant bacteria were Proteobacteria,followed by Firmicutes and Actiobacteria,and the differential bacterium was Bacteroidetes.The bacteria with the most predominant bacteria at the genus level were unidentified,followed by Rothia,Streptococcus and Pseudomonas.The differential bacteria were mainly bacillus Luteibacter,Cronobacter,Cronobacter,Herbaspirillum,and Kocuria.Conclusion(1)The annual average concentration of atmospheric pollutants in the period of 2013-2015 has been decreasing year by year.Shenyang's atmospheric particulate matter has a significant positive effect on the daily deaths of non-specific bronchial diseases,and there is a lag effect.(2)PM2.5 exposure may affect the composition of predominant respiratory flora in rats. |
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