The Intercalation And Exfoliation Of Graphite And Its Catalytic Properties

Graphite is an allotrope of carbon with the unique layered structure which brings it a lot of unusual physical and chemical properties.The layered structure is fully utilized to prepare the graphite intercalation compounds.It’s known that the force in layer is different from the force between the layers.The former calls sigma bond which is strong,while the latter is the weak van der waals.It results in a far greater distance between layers than that of atoms in layer,which allows the intercalation of small moleculars into the graphite.Since the first synthesis of graphite intercalation compound in 1841,a variety of graphite intercalation compounds have been prepared and studied,especially the typical compounds like FeCl3-graphite.The recent researches have explored more performance of graphite intercalation compounds,such as used for electrode materials of lithium ion batteries.Therefore,this article studies how to prepare metal chloride graphite intercalation compounds and characterizes the properties of the graphite intercalation compounds;The compounds is explored the properties in lithium ion batteries,lithium air batteries,alcohol oxidation reactions and hydrogen evolution reactions.In addition,This article improves the preparation process by adding the polar solvent to promote the intercalating.The results are as follows:’The addition of polar solvents can effectively promote the intercalation of graphite;.The metal chloride compounds have superior performances of hydrogen evolution reactions;and.FeCl3-graphite behaves excellent in lithium ion batteries.The graphite intercalation compounds are also applied to the exfoliation of graphite.So,the later work concentrates on how to exfoliate the graphite and systematically studied the exfoliation of graphite via sonication assisted liquid-phase.Finally,the exfoliated graphite is applied to the reaction of hydrogenation of CO2to methanol,and prepared a series of catalysts for the reaction with characterizations.