An Empirical Research On The Environmental External Cost Of Vehicle In Beijing

The rapid growth of motor vehicles in Beijing has seriously affected the environment,such as air pollution,noise pollution,etc.In response to this impact,Beijing has implemented a series of traffic restrictive policies.Therefore,studying the impact of restrictive policies on the negative externalities of motor vehicles is of important theoretical and practical significance.This paper measures the external costs of motor vehicles in Beijing from 2000 to 2016 by using quantitative methods for the four main types of motor vehicle environmental pollution such as noise pollution,air pollution,climate change,and land resource occupation.On this basis,the influence of motor vehicle restrictive policy on external environmental cost in Beijing is estimated by breakpoint regression method.The result suggests:(1)The environmental pollution cost caused by motor vehicles is affected not only by the actual amount of pollution and dose exposure rate,but also by the opportunity cost factors such as the local disease cost,per capita income,carbon tax price,and psychological expected cost.The cost of pollution varies according to different cost systems.Based on Beijing’s local cost estimates,the total environmental cost of motor vehicles in Beijing showed a slow rising trend since 2000,with an annual growth of 6.7%.Air pollution accounts for the largest proportion.In the short term,the relative cost of vehicle pollution has been reduced.The overall environmental cost has accounted for about 0.56%of GDP in the current year,showing a gradual downward trend.Motor vehicle restrictive policy has certain effect,but this effect is gradually decreasing after 2012.(2)The results of the regression discontinuity show that the restraining effect of the restrictive policy on the growth of the external cost of motor vehicle environment is mainly manifested in the reduction of the external cost of the vehicle environment at the beginning of the implementation,but it does not slow down its rising trend in the long run.Finally,policy recommendations for reducing environmental cost,such as controlling noise,pollution,greenhouse gas and land use,are put forward in this paper.