Effects Of Water Homogeneity And Heterogeneity On Clonal Integration Of Two Plants In Rorippa

Clonal integration is one of the most significant characteristics of clonal plants.The water,nutrients and carbohydrates of cloned plants can be transferred and shared through the connection between cloned ramets and promote the growth of the plant.Root-suckering plants are more complicated in response to environmental factors due to the uncertainty of the location of adventitious buds.Soil moisture is one of the environmental factors affecting plant growth,and its distribution in the environment will directly affect the clonal integration characteristics of clonal plants.In this study,a certain length of root fragment was used as a daughter plant fragment to study the effect of water conditions on the clonal integration of root-suckering plants,which is a beneficial supplement to the physiological integration of root-suckering plants,and which can enrich the research content of clonal plants and broaden the research scope of this field.In this experiment,the "daughter fragment-mother fragment" pair and the "daughter fragment-mother fragment-daughter fragment" pair in which Rorippa amphibian and R.sylvestris were interconnected were used as the research objects,which was to study the characteristics of clonal integration under the different moisture conditions.This research was conducted from four aspects: aboveground phenotypic parameters,clonal propagation parameters,photosynthetic characteristics parameters,and biomass allocation parameters.The research results are as follows:1.Rorippa amphibian and R.sylvestris have clonal integration under the conditions of homogeneous and heterogeneous water.Under homogeneous conditions,clonal integration could improve the reproductive capacity and photosynthetic capacity of high-water and lowwater daughter fragment of R.amphibian,and was conducive to the accumulation of aboveground biomass of high-water daughter fragment and promotes the distribution of biomass to the roots of low-water daughter fragment,which promoted the daughter fragments to expand the living space from the above ground and underground parts,and obtained survival advantages.In R.sylvestris,clonal integration could increase the net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency of daughter fragment and high-water mother fragment,improved the aboveground phenotype performance and promoted the accumulation of aboveground biomass of high-water mother fragment,and that promoted their growth and metabolism.Under heterogeneous conditions,the results of the aboveground phenotypic parameters,photosynthetic parameters and biomass allocation parameters of connected daughter fragment and mother fragment indicated that clonal integration was mainly beneficial to the growth of cloned fragments in low-water environments.This was an important strategy for root suckering plants to adapt to the environment that was water heterogeneous.Under water-heterogeneous conditions,clonal integration transported the resources from resource-rich environments to resource-deficient environments,which was conducive to the survival of fragments in resourcedeficient environments.2.Under the condition of connection,that is,under the condition of clonal integration,a larger number of adventitious roots is conducive to the growth and reproduction of R.amphibian daughter fragments under water homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions,and is conducive to the growth of the aboveground phenotypic of the mother fragments and get light energy.In R.sylvestris,it is conducive to the growth and reproduction of daughter and mother fragments in a homogeneous low-water environment.3.The results of this experiment also showed that the foraging behavior of two root suckering plants was conditional under heterogeneous conditions.Adventitious roots were in patches with different resource levels,only when the mother fragments were in a high-water environment,clonal integration was conducive to the accumulation of more biomass of the high-water daughter fragments of the R.amphibian and improving photosynthetic capacity of the high-water daughter fragments of the R.sylvestris.In addition,we also found that: 1)The division of labor between the daughter fragment and mother fragment of two plants in Rorippa.The mother fragments absorbed resources by increasing the number of roots and the aboveground phenotypic parameters,and the daughter fragments expanded its territory by increasing the number of cloned seedlings and the growth of adventitious root length in the clonal propagation parameters.2)The invasive force of R.sylvestris might be stronger than R.amphibian.In a homogeneous environment,the growth and clonal reproduction ability of R.sylvestris was higher than R.amphibian.In a heterogeneous environment,although the leaf area and photosynthetic capacity of the R.amphibian were higher than R.sylvestris,but the R.sylvestris had higher clonal reproduction ability and the ability to accumulate biomass than the R.amphibian,which was more important in the invasion process.