Study On The Social And Reproductive Behavior Of Captive Yellow-cheeked Gibbon(hylobates Gabriellae)

Social behavior is the basis of animal communication,and primates,as the highest animals,are of great significance to the study of their social behavior.Reproductive behavior is an important part of animal life activities,is the core factor that restricts social relations and social structure,and is the focus of biological research.Nanning zoo has the largest captive population of yellow-cheeked gibbon(Hylobates gabriellae)in China,and it is also the main breeding base of yellow-cheeked gibbon and the provider of other zoos.But these offspring,which came from about 12 males and 15 females,were at greater risk of inbreeding.Species taxonomic identification and reproductive behavior study provide a good basis for the development of gibbons.The purpose of artificial breeding is to better protect the gibbon population in the wild and to accumulate some experience for discussing the behavior characteristics of gibbon under artificial breeding conditions.Therefore,on September 26,2018 to 2019 on July 29,we have full time recording nanning zoo 3 group of Yellow-cheeked gibbons gibbon cage,4,5,17 cage,cage was studied,especially system is a collection of various social activities,activity time distribution,reproduction,such as data,recorded a total of more than 19891 times reproductive behavior and social programs.By comparing the differences between the whole behavior and the individual behavior,this paper discusses the differences in the behavior of the yellow-cheeked gibbon,and the mechanism and biological significance of this behavior.The main research results are as follows:1.social behaviour:(1)Of all the behavior patterns,the four behaviors of progress,sit-up,follow,and grooming have the highest proportions,accounting for 29.00%,21.52%,21.41%,and 15.45%,respectively,accounting for 87.38% of all 18 behaviors.(2)Of the total duration of all behaviors,the three behaviors,approaching,grooming,and sitting,have the highest proportions,accounting for 24.01%,20.40%,and 46.60% respectively,accounting for 91.01% of all 18 behaviors.The average duration was 19.00,30.29,49.55 seconds.(3)The grooming behavior is not much different from month to month,but the difference between male and female as initiators is significant.Among them,the number offemale to male launches was 640,with a launch rate of 84.90%;the number of male to female launches was 114,and the launch rate was 15.10%.(4)A total of 230 aggression behaviors were recorded throughout the year,among which 116 aggression behaviors were the most frequently recorded in May.Since may is the peak breeding period,both male and female apes have strong aggression during the breeding period.A total of 167 aggressive behaviors were recorded by males and 63 by females,accounting for 72.50% and 27.50%respectively.(5)A total of 958 play behaviors were collected throughout the year,of which569 were initiated by females against males,with a rate of 59.40%;369 were initiated by males against females,with a rate of 40.60%.2.reproductive behavior:(1)The seasonal variation of mating activities in captivity gibbons is obvious,and the breeding type belongs to the seasonal breeding type.Among the 663 breeding behaviors recorded throughout the year,the largest number of breeding behaviors in March,April and may were 92,94 and 143,respectively.(2)Male individuals were the main initiators of reproductive behavior,accounting for 96.53% of the total number of mating invitations in the group,640 times in total.Females accounted for 3.47%of the total number of invitations and 23 times in total.Female individuals differ significantly in reproductive behavior.Social relations have a significant effect on the reproductive behavior between females and males.(3)Mating types are two special types of single ejaculation and multiple ejaculation.The steps of the invited partner's behavior process are as follows:(1)courtship,(2)climb over,(3)insert,(4)twitch,(5)ejaculate,(6)lick the residual semen on the hand.The and steps and are closely related to the time of occurrence,and there is an obvious phenomenon of licking semen after mating.Different from the environmental conditions in the wild,the yellow-cheeked gibbon in the cage condition produces the behavior activities corresponding to it,such as some social and reproductive behavior adaptation and life habit changes.To investigate the social and reproductive characteristics of yellow-cheered gibbon in captivity.In this study,four categories of play behavior,aggression behavior,courtship behavior and reproduction behavior were discussed.The results of this study confirmed that the game behavior of yellow-cheeked gibbon conforms to the motor skill hypothesis and part of the social relation hypothesis,the results show that play has the function of strengthening social relationships.It is found that some male gibbons attack more seriously in the aggression behavior,which will have a certain impact on the reproductive behavior.The solution lies in the mating selection,and generally try to close the selection from the young individuals.From courtship and reconciliation behavior accounted for more than 90%,the main tendency of social relations between the three cages gibbons was relatively harmonious,suggesting that reconciliation and compromise are indispensable to the maintenance and continuation of groups and species.Reproductive behavior as far as possible from the young individuals to cage mating,so as to enhance friendship,reproductive mating early training,improve the mating success rate,is conducive to increase the reproductive success.The reproduction of older gibbons mainly depends on social harmony and nutritional management during reproduction,and the prevention and treatment of some chronic diseases due to older age.