| The camponotini is the largest race in formicidae,and currently 2470 species of 8genera are known worldwide.Camponotini insects occupy an important position in terrestrial ecosystems,but because they are difficult to distinguish in morphology,there are many taxonomic problems,which has also become an obstacle of advancing taxonomic research on camponotini and clarifying phylogenetic relationship of more advanced order systems.In this study,through the combination of morphological taxonomy and molecular biology methods,the correct identification and phylogenetic relationship of 24 species of Camponotini collected from different regions of China were explored.In the aspect of morphological taxonomy,the cluster analysis method based on Gaussian mixture model and the analysis method based on artificial neural network were used to correctly identify some species of camponotini.The main conclusions were as follows:(1)For some species of camponotini,the overall correct identification rate of the cluster analysis based on Gaussian mixture model was 82.1%,the overall correct identification rate of the analysis based on artificial neural network was 78.6%.This showed that the two analysis methods had good applicability for the correct taxonomy of the camponotini insects.In comparison,the cluster analysis based on Gaussian mixture model had better performance.(2)The correct identification rates of the two analysis methods for C.nicobarensis,C.mitis,P.halidayi,and P.illaudata were both high,and the average correct identification rate reached more than 85%.(3)The two analysis methods had a higher correct identification rate for the species with a larger number of samples and morphological characteristics that are significantly different from other species.In the aspect of molecular biology,DNA barcoding study was conducted on some species of camponotini.We reconstructed the phylogenetic relationship of some species of camponotini through Bayesian(BI)and maximum likelihood(ML)methods.The main conclusions were as follows:(1)Interspecific genetic distance analysis showed,in terms of genus Camponotus,C.nicobarensis was the most distantly related to C.angusticollis subsp.Sanguinolentus;C.mutilarius was the most closely related to C.wasmanni.In terms of genus Polyrhachis,P.halidayi was the most distantly related to P.brevicorpa;P.tibialis was the most closely related to P.jianghuaensis.And between the two genera Camponotus and Polyrhachis,C.japonicus was the most distantly related to P.brevicorpa and P.halidayi.(2)Saturation analysis of base substitution showed that the Ts and Tv of CO1 gene fragment were not saturated and gene fragment could be used for phylogenetic analysis.(3)The phylogenetic tree constructed by both methods showed that a total of 14 species could be gathered into a single branch,namely C.spanis?C.fuscivillosus?C.mitis?C.quadrinotatus?C.nicobarensis?C.dolendus?C.angusticollis subsp.Sanguinolentus?unknown species Camponotus sp.1?P.brevicorpa?P.dives?P.jianghuaensis?Polyrhachis lamellidens ? P.halidayi ? P.illaudata.This was highly consistent with the result of morphological taxonomy.(4)The more reliable phylogenetic relationship of 11 species of genus Camponotus was(C.japonicus+C.spanis+C.fuscivillosus+unknown species Camponotus sp.1+(C.mitis+(C.quadrinotatus+C.nicobarensis)+C.dolendus+(C.wasmanni+C.mutilarius)+C.angusticollis subsp.Sanguinolentus)))))))).But through the comparison of the two phylogenetic tree topologies,the phylogenetic relationship among C.japonicus and C.spanis still need to be further explored.(5)The more reliable phylogenetic relationship of 11 species of genus Polyrhachis was((P.rastellata+P.brevicorpa)+P.dives+(P.lucidula+(P.jianghuaensis+ P.tibialis)+P.lamellidens+(P.subpilosa+P.halidayi)+(P.illaudata+P.proxima)))))).However,the phylogenetic tree topologies of the two methods were slightly different,and reflected that the phylogenetic relationship among P.dives and P.lucidula still need to be further explored. |
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