| Since the beginning of the 21 st century,the two major problems facing humankind are resources and environment.With the rapid development of China's society,the mining scale of mineral resources is expanding.The unreasonable exploitation of a large number of mines has caused a series of serious geological environmental problems.Shenzhen is the first city to carry out reform and opening up in China.Due to the rapid development in recent decades,a large number of abandoned open-pit mines have been produced in the whole city,causing great damage to the ecological environment and land resources.It is urgent to systematically evaluate the geological environment of abandoned mines in the whole city to provide a basis for the treatment and recovery of waste mines.Based on the research on the geological environment background of the abandoned mines and the investigation of the geological environment status in Shenzhen,this paper summarizes the main geological environment problems existing in the abandoned mines,and evaluates the geological environment of the abandoned mines.The main research contents of this article are as follows:Through the statistics and analysis of the main geological environment problems of the open abandoned mines in the research area,9 evaluation indexes were selected and the statistical index method was used to evaluate the geological environment background of the open abandoned mines.According to the specifications in the "Geological Survey Technical Standards of China Geological Survey(DD2014-05)",six evaluation indexes were selected to evaluate the status quo of geological environment of abandoned open-pit mines.The analytic hierarchy process was adopted to combine the results of geological environment background evaluation and geological environment status evaluation to make a comprehensive geological environment evaluation.The results of comprehensive evaluation of geological environment of abandoned mines are divided into four grades: "serious","relatively serious","normal" and "slight".According to the final evaluation results,among the 61 abandoned mines in this study with geological environmental problems,the number of abandoned mines with "serious"," relatively serious "," normal ",and "slight" geological environmental problems was 17,13,18 and 13 respectively.The area of abandoned mines with "serious" and " relatively serious " geological environmental problems accounted for 71.19% of the total mine area,and the overall geological environmental problems were more serious.According to the specifications in the "Geological Survey Technical Standards of China Geological Survey(DD2014-05)",for the different geological environmental problems in different areas of the mining area,the area of the abandoned mine is divided into four mining slopes,mining pits,solid waste,industrial square Evaluation area.The regional evaluation of the geological environment of a single abandoned mine has improved the accuracy of the evaluation and provided a more effective basis for the ecological protection and restoration of the mine and its recovery and utilization.This has important practical significance for the better and faster development of Shenzhen.The final evaluation results show that mining slopes and industrial squares are common in abandoned mines,and there are serious geological environmental problems;solid waste and mining pits are rare in abandoned mines,but the existing geological environmental problems are more serious.Based on the results of the comprehensive evaluation of the geological environment of the open-air abandoned mines and the regional assessment of the geological environment of a single abandoned mine in Shenzhen,and in combination with the Shenzhen development plan.From the four aspects of collapse,landslide and other geological disasters,landscape and ecological restoration,land resource restoration and utilization,and policy system,measures for mine geological environment governance and restoration were proposed. |
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