Research On The Regulation Of Immune Response By Phytophthora Sojae Effector Of Avh113 Through Manipulation Of GmLHP1

Phytophthora sojae belongs to the oomycetes,Peronosporales,Pythiaceae,Phytophthora.P.sojae is very different from Fungi in the pathogenic mechanism.The whole growth stage and different organizations of plants can be infected by P.sojae,resulting in frequent occurrence of soybean root rot and serious economic loss.In the process of natural selection and co-evolution,P.sojae and host can maintain their respective physiological activities through interaction and competition:On the one hand,P.sojae can interfere or suppress the immune response in plants by secreting effectors,so that plants occur Diseases;on the other hand,soybeans resist the invasion of P.sojae through defense-associated disease resistance proteins interacting with effectors from P.sojae to activate the plant's immune defense system.In order to further study how effectors inhibit plant defense responses,this examination takes P.sojae effectors as the research object,identifies an effector with toxic function,and the biological function and the host-target interaction mechanism were systematically studied.The systematic research has obtained the following main results:1.The Rx LR effector of Avh113 was identified to be able to enhance the symptoms of the virus and lead to the growth and development defects of Nicotiana Benthamiana.The expression of Avh113 accumulated more PVX RNA by Northern Blot,indicating that Avh113 is a potential toxic factor.2.The inoculation experiment of P.sojae in host combined with real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(q RT-PCR)showed that Avh113 was up-regulated in the early stage of P.sojaeinfection,and subcellular localization analysis of Avh113 was located in the cytoplasm and nucleus of Nicotiana Benthamii Epidermal Cell;Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression of Nicotiana Benthamii and Phytophthora inoculation experiments showed that over-expression of Avh113 can promote P.capsici infection,in which nuclear localization plays a major role in the toxic effect of Avh113.3.Screening of a molecular target proteins of Avh113 is Heterochromatin-like protein1(LHP1)was found by yeast two-hybrids(Y2H)from soybean c DNA library infected with P.sojae.The interaction between Avh113 and Gm LHP1 was confirmed by Yeast two-hybrids(Y2H),biomolecular fluorescence complementation(BIFC),and Co-Immunoprecipitation(CO-IP)experiments.In addition,the interaction between Avh113 and Gm LHP1 occurs in the nucleus and cytoplasm,and the CSD(Chromo Shadow Domains)region of Gm LHP1 is required for protein interaction.4.Making use of Agrobacterium-mediated heterologous expression of Gm LHP1 gene in Nicotiana Benthamii can enhance resistance of P.capsici.The CSD region of Gm LHP1 is a key domain involved in plant disease response.Overall,Gm LHP1 is involved in regulating plant immune defense responses.