Laser Stabilizing To Ytterbium Clock Transition Based On Hz Level-spectral-linewidth Rabi/Ramsey Spectrum

High resolution spectroscopy plays a decisive role in time and frequency standards,fundamental constant measurement,and search for the variation of fundamental constant.High-resolution spectroscopy provides a sensitive tool to detect laser frequency variation,which can be used to stabilize laser frequency for long-term laser frequency stability as well as frequency accuracy.Such lasers with high frequency stability and accuracy are indispensable tools in deep space navigation,search for dark matter and dark energy,and gravitational wave detection.In this thesis,nearly 20,000 ytterbium atoms after laser cooled and trapped are loaded into one dimension optical lattice.The atomic temperature in the lattice is about 16mK.A 578 nm laser pre-stabilized to a 30 cm-long optical cavity probed the ¹S₀???³P₀ transition of ytterbium atoms in the Lamb-Dicke region.A 1.7 Hz-linewidth spectrum was obtained with an interrogation time of 900 ms.To achieve a high excitation rate as well as high frequency resolution,we separately used 4.2 Hz-linewidth Rabi spectrum and 3.3 Hz-spectral width Ramsey spectrum for independent laser frequency control.Based on interleave measurement,the frequency instability of the 578 nm laser after stabilized to atomic transition was 5?10^-16/???.Finally,we discuss the probabilities to further improve the laser frequency stability by reducing the Dick effect.