The Study On The Mathematical Basis And Evolution History Of Tibetan Weights And Measures(7th-20th Century A.D.)

Tibetans are one of the ethnic minorities with a long history and have their own language and writing.The first unified regime with clear historical records was the Tubo dynasty(AD 618-824).Therefore,the starting time of this study is the 7th century.Tibetology was born in 1930 s.There are many fields of Tibetan studies,such as society,economy,culture,history,religion,calendar and so on.There are few studies on Tibetan Weights and Measures.This study focuses on the important part of Tibetan original measurement,"Weights and Measures".On the basis of the rules and principles of Numbers,human beings have prescribed the relevant rules of Weights and Measures.Weights and Measures have been closely related to human production and life since ancient times.With the progress of social science and technology civilization,the system of Weights and Measures has been constantly improved and unified,which is an important part of the original measurement.This research mainly adopts the methods of field investigation,literature research and comparative analysis.The author has visited Ya'an City,Sichuan library,Chengdu Library,Sichuan Museum,National Library,national culture palace,China National Library,Yonghe palace,Tibet Culture Museum,Nanjing Library,Nanjing Museum and other places for field investigation and literature materials Collect.More than 150 periodical articles,100 monographs,80 local historical records.Because of the close relationship between mathematics and weights and measures,the author's research on Tibetan Weights and Measures is divided into two aspects: the mathematical basis of Tibetan Weights and Measures and the evolution history of Tibetan Weights and Measures:(1)The mathematical basis of Tibetan weights and measures.After sorting out and classifying the mathematical knowledge closely related to weights and measures,this paper studies the origin of Tibetan characters and Numbers,Tibetan mathematical value system and number notation,Tibetan multiplication table,Tibetan traditional calculation calculator and Tibetan calculation.(2)The evolution history of Tibetan weights and measures.The research period is roughly divided into five periods,namely the early period,the tang dynasty,the song dynasty,the yuan dynasty,the Ming dynasty,the qing dynasty and the liberation period,and the Tibetan weights and measures are analyzed from four parts,namely length,area,volume and weight.This paper analyzes and studies the systematic evolution of Tibetan weights and measures from multiple dimensions,such as source mode,ethnic comparison,unit system and unified law,by using intuitive tables,flow charts and mind maps.Through the above research,while exploring the evolution of Tibetan weights and measures system in different periods,it can also show the development context of Tibetan traditional mathematics,so as to enrich the research on the history of mathematics of Tibetan and ethnic minorities in China,and provide enlightenment for the current Tibetan mathematics education.