Research On The Distribution Characteristics And Allocation Of R&D Capital Stock In China

At present,China’s economy has entered the "new normal",which is changing from the stage of high-speed growth to the stage of high-quality development.Therefore,our country must change the past economic growth model and insist on innovation driven economic growth.R&D capital is an important resource for accelerating China’s in-depth implementation of innovation-driven development strategy,thus promoting the smooth economic transformation.Therefore,R&D capitalization accounting has become one of the key contents of all walks of life in China.At the same time,in order to accelerate the accumulation of R&D capital,China has been increasing R&D investment in recent years.However,while increasing R&D investment in different regions,there is an obvious imbalance in R&D investment among regions.In the long run,the gap of R&D capital stock between different regions will gradually increase,which will lead to the uncoordinated development among regions.In addition,while increasing R&D capital stock substantially,China neglects whether the growth of R&D capital stock meets the needs of local economic and technological development.Therefore,it is necessary to further strengthen the investigation of R&D capital allocation so as to avoid the unreasonable allocation of R&D capital restricting China’s economic growth and technological progress.Based on the above background,this study firstly estimates the R&D capital stock of 30 sample provinces in China from 2000 to 2017.Secondly,it analyzes the differences,polarization degree and solidification characteristics of R&D capital stock distribution in China by Dagum Gini coefficient,ER type index and Markov Chain model respectively.Then,by calculating the R&D capital allocation index and deviation degree of each province,we can investigate the current situation of R&D capital allocation in each region.Finally,according to the above research results,the corresponding policy recommendations are given.The results show that,first,from 2000 to 2017,the R&D capital stock of all provinces in China is growing rapidly,but there is a significant gap between the regional and provincial R&D capital stock levels.At the same time,according to the overall Dagum Gini coefficient,the overall difference in the distribution of R&D capital stock in China is declining.Second,the boundaries between the different group of R&D capital stock level and regions are becoming more and more obvious.The R&D capital stock gap between the different levels and regions is the main reason for the obvious differences in the distribution of R&D capital stock in China.Thirdly,according to the results of Dagum Gini coefficient decomposition and polarization degree measurement,the polarization degree of China’s R&D capital stock distribution is rising under the condition of two subgroups division,because the sense of identity among members in each region and level is rising and homogeneity is strengthening,and the sense of alienation between regions and levels is rising and heterogeneity is strengthening.Fourth,the solidification characteristics of each group of R&D capital stock level are very obvious,and it is difficult for the members of the middle and low level to achieve leapfrog catch-up.Fifth,the R&D capital allocation of most provinces in the eastern region is relatively surplus,while that of other provinces is relatively insufficient.Sixth,the rationality of R&D capital allocation of most provinces in the central region is improving during the investigation period,while that of most provinces in the rest regions is not improving or even declining.According to the results of the study,this paper puts forward two suggestions: First,the central government should prevent the excessive concentration of R&D capital stock,and based on the demands of local governments,formulate support policies with them.Second,actively build inter-provincial and inter-regional collaborative innovation platform.