Research On Short Range Pulse Laser Ranging Technology

Laser ranging technology has attracted wide attention because of its excellent ranging performance and anti-jamming ability.At present,many new intelligent products such as mobile robots have adopted laser ranging radar as obstacle avoidance equipment,and have put forward new requirements for ranging performance,ranging accuracy,power consumption,volume,and system reliability,stability,and applicability and so on.To this end,this paper conducts research on pulse laser ranging technology,based on FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)high-speed signal acquisition and high-speed computing characteristics of the design and implementation of a shortrange pulse laser ranging system,and through the temperature Correction and grayscale correction further improve the ranging accuracy and ranging accuracy of the system.First,the domestic and international research status of laser ranging technology is summarized,and the method of laser ranging is introduced.By comparing the working principles,key technologies and applicable conditions of each laser ranging method,and considering the system cost and cost-effective factors,this paper determines the implementation of the laser ranging system,that is,based on the principle of pulse time-of-flight ranging,using FPGA as the The main control chip designs a pulse laser ranging system whose working mode is direct detection.Secondly,the working principle of the pulse laser ranging system is introduced in detail,and the influence of noise on the ranging performance of the system is analyzed.According to the requirements of the system optical performance and the distance to be measured,the design scheme of the pulse laser ranging system was determined,the selection of semiconductor lasers and avalanche photodiodes,the structural design debugging and the design of related hardware circuits were completed,and the optical system was realized.The structure of the coaxial light-receiving path.For the control part of the ranging system,FPGA is used as the main control chip,and the coordination of the various modules of the system is programmed.In the data processing part,the high-speed transceiver of FPGA and the ping-pong operation mode are used to realize the highspeed acquisition of echo signals and the rapid processing of data,and the pulse time-of-flight counting is realized by the high-precision clock inside the FPGA,which is calculated Information about the distance to be measured.Finally,based on the actual parameters of the system,a theoretical analysis and numerical simulation experiments are carried out on the ranging performance of the system,and the sources and optimization measures of the system errors are analyzed.On this basis,a ranging experiment platform was built,and an experimental study on ranging performance verification was carried out.Based on FPGA programming,temperature correction and gray scale correction are realized and the ranging results are corrected,which effectively improves the ranging accuracy and ranging accuracy of the system.Through multiple sets of repeated ranging experiments,the short-range pulse laser ranging system designed in this paper has a maximum range of 8.08 m,a range accuracy of ± 11 mm,and a range accuracy of 5.43 mm.Accurate ranging,so it has good application potential in the fields of intelligent instrument safety obstacle avoidance and warehousing warning.