Skin Microbiome Analysis Of Hipposideros Pratti

Females of animals tend to choose specific males as mates,and males also decide mating opportunities through direct competition within the sex.Regardless of the type of sexual selection,males with a higher reproductive success rate often have a higher advantage in terms of fitness,health,immunity,and so on,ultimately increasing the fitness of their offspring.Relevant studies have found that the characteristics of the skin microbiome of animals are closely related to the host's immunity and health status.At the same time,the genetic background of the host often has an important influence on the composition and structure of the skin microbiome.There is a typical sex dimorphism in Hipposideros pratti,the posterior noseleaf of the head of male individuals is significantly different in size,and the male bat with larger posterior noseleaf is considered to be in a higher dominant position in sexual selection.In this study,H.pratti was used as the research object.Through the comparative analysis of the skin microbiome of male H.pratti with different posterior noseleaf sizes,the relationship between the posterior noseleaf morphological characteristics and the skin microbiome characteristics was revealed.In this study,skin microorganisms of male H.pratti were collected by swab method,and 16 S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was performed.To control the quality in the sequencing result,analyzing the diversity of stitching,classification annotations,and construction of the network structure and variance analysis and functional annotation after correlation analysis,we found that male H.pratti skin microbial community there are mainly phylum,respectively Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria,Firmicutes and Chlorobi,accounting for 93% of the total skin microbiome.There was no significant difference in the species diversity of the skin microbial community among males with different posterior noseleaf sizes,but the community structure was significantly different,and the large posterior noseleaf group had a more complex and stable microbial community,while the small posterior noseleaf group had a large difference in the microbial structure.Through Random forest and LEfSe analysis,it was found that four species of bacteria genera(Acinetobacter,Treponema,Lactobacillus,Gemmiger)had an effect on the skin microbial differences of the bats,among which Acinetobacter was significantly increased in the small posterior noseleaf group.Through function annotation,it was found that there were primary immunodeficiency,staphylococcus aureus infection and pathogenic escherichia coli infection in the pathway with high expression in the small posterior noseleaf group,among which the primary immunodeficiency was related to Acinetobacter.This study illustrated the differences in skin microbiome composition and community structure of H.pratti,which further enriched the research of bat skin microbes.In view of the existing research and the above conclusions,it is speculated that male H.pratti with large posterior noseleaf may have a better survival advantage than male H.pratti with small posterior noseleaf,suggesting the significance of the posterior noseleaf in the sexual selection mechanism of H.pratti.