Collection,Identification And Biological Activity Analysis Of Wild Fungi In Chengde And Its Surrounding Areas

This paper takes wild edible fungi which were collected in Chengde city of Hebei province,Weichang Manchu and Mongolian autonomous county,Qianxi three areas as the research object.The Identification and biological active substances were tested of these wild edible fungi.The main results are as follows:(1)Twelve wild fungi strains were collected and photographed in the field.Their identification which conducted by traditional morphology showed that: chengde 1 was an Coprinopsis atramentaria;chengde 2 was a Trametes coccinea;chengde 3 and weichang 2 was a Trametes versicolor;weichang 1 was a Steccherinum robustius;weichang 3 was a Lycoperdon perlatum Pers;weichang 4 was a Ramaria botrytoides;weichang 5 was a Pyropolyporus fomentarius;weichang 6 was a Tricholoma mongolicum Imai;Both weichang 7 and qianxi1 are Boletus.and qianxi2 are Phallus hadriani.(2)The mycelia of 10 wild strains were obtained by tissue isolation of 12 wild strains.The results of mycelium growth rate showed that the mycelia of chengde1,chengde2,chengde3,weichang2,weichang1 and qianxi2 grew strongly and rapidly.(3)The ITS regions of 6 wild fungi with high growth rate were conducted by PCR amplification.The amplificated sequrences were aligned in NCBI database and the phylogenetic tree was carried by MAFFT?Mrmodeltest2.3?Mrbayes v2.3 using Bayesian methods.The result showed that the identity between chengde1 and Coprinopsis atramentaria was 99.82%,and chengde1 was clustered with Coprinopsis atramentaria.The bootstrap value was 100%.Hence,it was determined that chengde1 was a Coprinopsis atramentaria.Ramentaria.The identity between chengde2 and Pycnoporus coccineus is 100%,and chengde2 is clustered with Pycnoporus coccineus.The bootstrap value is 100%.Hence,chengde2 is identified as Pycnoporus coccineus.The identity between chengde3 and Trametes version color is 99.66%,and it is clustered with Trametes version color.The bootstrap value is 100%.Hence,chengde3 is judged to be Trametes version color.weichang 2 has 94.86% identity with Trametes version color,and is clustered with chengde 3 and Trametes version color.The bootstrap value is 100%.Therefore,weichang 2 is judged to be Trametes version color.The identity between weichang 1 and Steccherinum robustius is 95.17%.weichang 1 is clustered with Steccherinum robustius,and the bootstrap value is 100%.Therefore,weichang 1 is identified as Steccherinum robustius.The identity between qiaanxi2 and Phallus hadriani is 99.37%,and it is clustered with Phallus hadriani.The bootstrap value is 100%.Therefore,it is judged that qianxi2 is Phallus hadriani.(4)The biological activity of 6 strains of wild fungi which have been identified was analyzed.laccase content by ABTS substrate method,crude protein content was determined by Kjeldahl method,soluble protein content was determined by Coomassie Brilliant Blue method,crude polysaccharides content was determined by phenol sulfuric acid method,and antimicrobial activity by was determined agar diffusion paper method.The results showed that the laccase content of wild fungi chengde 1,chengde 2,chengde 3,weichang 2,weichang 1 and qianxi 2 were 54.92U/mL,45.61 U/mL,345 U/mL,187.03 U/mL,414.87 U/mL and 36.91 U/mL,respectively.The crude protein content was 17.2%,18.52%,21.29%,24.79%,19.1%and 7% respectively.The soluble protein content was 0.49 mg/100 g,5.58 mg/100 g,4.73 mg/100 g,3.53 mg/100 g,4.1 mg/100 g,11.25 mg/100 g and crude polysaccharide content was 1.9%,3.67%,2.4%,2.47%,2.78% and 3.46%,respectively.The results of antimicrobial activity showed that 6 strains of wild fungi can not test significant antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella.