| Place names,as the exclusive names given to human beings by geographical location,have certain social and regional characteristics.After long-term evolution,place names not only represent the meaning of the words themselves,but also carry the unique cultural connotation of the geographic entities behind them.In recent years,with the state's work to clean up and rectify irregular place names,place name research has begun to rise again.Shicheng is a famous Hakka cultural city,known as the "Hakka Cradle" and "Hakka Base Camp".Its rich Hakka culture and place-name landscape have created good conditions for the generation of Hakka place names.In this paper,a sample of Hakka place names in Shicheng County is used.From the perspectives of human geography,historical literature method,spatial analysis method,and mathematical statistics method are used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics,space-time evolution and evolution factors of Hakka place names.Some countermeasures for the protection of Hakka place names and cultural landscapes were put forward,with a view to providing reference for the construction of Hakka famous cities.Concluded as follow:First: According to the type of place name cultural landscape,place names are divided into 8 small categories,and the spatial distribution characteristics of place names are obtained by mathematical statistical method and kernel density analysis method.Natural landscape names such as mountains,water systems,flora and fauna,and farming are closely related to the natural geographical environment of Shicheng County,and are affected by the geographical environment such as landscapes,animals,plants,and farming.It reflecting the natural and geographical characteristics of "80% mountains,5% water and10% field".The cultural landscape place names such as construction traffic,orientation,dialects,and beautiful wishes are closely related to the human environment factors of Shicheng County.They are greatly affected by Hakka architecture,Hakka dialects,Hakka living habits,etc.,and have formed the "5% way and manor" features of human landscape.Second: By classifying the place names of Shicheng County according to the five time nodes of Sui,Tang,Song,Yuan,Ming,and Qing Dynasties,and using spatial analysis methods to study in depth,the spatial and temporal distribution of place names in Shicheng County is obtained.Geographical names show a budding-growth-slow-growth trend in time,that is,the Sui and Tang dynasties were in the germination stage,the Song dynasty was in a large growth stage,the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties were in a slow growth stage,and the late Qing dynasty was in a rapid growth stage.Place names are spatially clustered,but the degree of clustering varies,and the clustering points and regions have changed over time.It shows that the spatial and temporal changes of Hakka place names are deeply affected by the Hakka migration.The place names increased rapidly during the migration period,and the place names changed little during the stable period.Third: Construct a multivariate logit model in which Hakkas will settle in Hakka place names through multiple regression methods,and analyze the most important factors that influence the evolution of place names,namely,terrain,rivers,population,and economic factors.The density analysis method visualizes various factors.According to the analysis of the results,the optimal distribution of Hakka place-name points is found in hilly areas with an altitude of 250-500 m,with a slope of 0-20 °,and the aspect is shaded and sun-slope;the optimal distance from the river is 2 ~ 5km;the population and place names are positively correlated,and the bazaar economic circle and the core points of the spatial distribution of place names overlap.Topography,rivers,population,and economics blend together,and have had a significant and profound impact on the evolution of Hakka place names. |
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