Research On Water Resources Allocation Of The Nile River

The longest river in the world,the Nile has two major tributaries,White Nile and the Blue Nile,with eighty-six percent of its water coming from Blue Nile,Ethiopia.For reasons of history and national strength,more than half of the Nile's water has been used by Egypt,the lowest reaches.The imbalance in the share of water used has led to a long-running dispute between eleven countries in the Nile Basin.The Nile's water problems have been exacerbated by the US intervention in 2019 when Ethiopia began building a rehabilitation dam on the Blue Nile River in 2011.Based on historical documents,academic works,and news materials,this paper studies the historical origin,development,main contradictions and recent progress of water resource allocation in the Nile River,and explores the possible trend of this issue.The full text includes four parts: the first part mainly introduces the origin of the Nile water resources allocation problem.Egypt,the downstream country,controlled the distribution of water resources of the Nile by the treaty because of the favoritism of the colonizers,which caused the dissatisfaction of Ethiopia and the upstream countries after independence;The second part mainly discusses the contradictions among the countries in the Nile basin.Downstream Egypt is at loggerheads with upstream countries over the legitimacy of the historical treaty,and the dam rehabilitation does pose a real threat to Egypt;the third part is mainly through the actions of the Nile initiative,the paper analyzes the attempt and effect of the Nile Basin countries to solve the problem of water resources allocation,and the fourth part focuses on the revival of the dam problem and its solution.Egypt,Ethiopia,and Sudan,the three countries with a stake in the project,have been engaged in consultations and negotiations on water distribution since the dam was revived,but the agreement has been slow to emerge.In 2019,the United States stepped into the three-nation talks as a mediator,bringing new changes to the settlement of the issue.This article believes that the issue of dam rehabilitation has been resolved to the point where it can not be delayed and that a compromise will be reached in the near future.Egypt will continue to leverage its traditional friendship with the United States as a counterweight to the upstream countries in the future allocation of the Nile's water resources,but Ethiopia will have a greater say.In addition,U.S.involvement could help expand its influence in the Nile region,which is likely to have a destabilizing effect on the region's geopolitical landscape.